Glossary entry (derived from question below)
French term or phrase:
La révolution du liquidateur
English translation:
passing / transfer / devolution / transmission
French term
La révolution du liquidateur
For context the whole sentance is:
"La révolution du liquidateur à ses employés ou à son conjoint, ascendants ou descendants."
It appears in an article entitled "liquidation" and is preceded by the conditions required for the liquidator's dismissal or resignation and followed by the indication that the liquidator will be liable for any faults he commits.
I am wondering whether there is some specific meaning of the word "révolution" in such a context for example "transfer" or perhaps an error and the writer put "révolution" instead of "dévolution". I would be most grateful for any remarks.
Proposed translations
passing / transfer / devolution / transmission
Presumably upon the passing of the sole shareholder / owner. (But if the employees are the priority creditors upon court-ordered liquidation (a big if), then the company/its assets go to them.)
FHS Bridge, The Council of Europe French-English Legal Dictionary
Full entry here:
https://books.google.fr/books?id=rQAKtn-XjzIC&pg=PA82&lpg=PA...
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Note added at 5 hrs (2021-01-11 21:18:05 GMT)
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When a business or a 1901-Act organisation are wound up, its assets are sold off and the resulting money is distributed -- liquidation, as the asker indicates.
See, for example:
http://artistenfete.org/statut-constitution/5-dissolution-de...
"L’actif net subsistant sera attribué obligatoirement à une ou plusieurs autres associations poursuivant des buts similaires, et qui seront nommément désignés par l’assemblée générale extraordinaire."
"Transfer to his/her [the sole shareholder's] employees...is prohibited."
What is being transferred is either the liquidation surplus ("boni", see https://www.proz.com/kudoz/french-to-english/business-commer... or the company, without liquidation even taking part, following his or her passing.
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Note added at 5 hrs (2021-01-11 21:21:32 GMT)
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The full situation will be clear from the surrounding text.
agree |
philgoddard
: I agree it's probably a typo for dévolution (is that what you're suggesting?), and that it means transfer. But I don't understand the sentence as a whole, or what is being transferred to whom and why.
3 hrs
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Thanks Phil! I hope it is clearer now. / I should have made it clear that I was suggesting a typo for "dévolution", very good point.
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agree |
AllegroTrans
: Seems to be about (prohibtion of) transfer of assets but asker would do well to check with client whether words are missing
3 days 24 mins
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Thanks AT!
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disagree |
Daryo
: passing / transfer [of the appointment for the role of liquidator"] could make sense, but even with what context is available, I can't see any of your explanations being relevant for this ST// for ex. ONLY the business is "dying" for sure, no one else.
3 days 3 hrs
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There shall be no rotation of the liquidator's appointment or office .... to his or her....
It does, though, have a kind of sense on the lines of a 'rotational' no-no :... est interdite', Directors retiring by 'rotation' at AGMs e.g. in the UK.
How far shall directors be rotational Directors? As stated in section 152(6)(a) i. Unless the article provide for the retirement of all the directors at every annual general meeting. ii. Not less than 2/3rd (two-third) of the total number of directors
agree |
Francois Boye
: on parle de révolution d'un astre, mais pas d'une personne, quel que soit son titre
18 hrs
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disagree |
Daryo
: the ST is about another kind of "potential fraud / conflict of interest" IOW there is no "rotation" in this ST - a "liquidateur" doing the job properly is not supposed to be "rotated" at all.
2 days 14 hrs
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cession of the appointment of liquidator to...
Now that we know a bit more about the context, here is my attempt with a sample sentence below.
The cession of the appointment of liquidator to .... is prohibited
agree |
Daryo
: also I don't think that there is any typo - African French tends to use words in the meanings they had decades / century or two ago, and "révolution" is for sure a kind of "change", like changing who is the person being "le liquidateur"
2 days 11 hrs
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thanks
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neutral |
AllegroTrans
: I rather think it's about assets not the appointment
2 days 16 hrs
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I think it's the "appointment" but there is not enough space to discuss why here.
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the business settlement's turnover
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Note added at 14 hrs (2021-01-12 07:14:00 GMT)
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Il y a un peu plus d'information:
"La cession de tout ou partie de l'actif de la société en liquidation au liquidateur ou à ses employés ou à son conjoint (sa conjointe), aux ascendants ou aux descendants est interdite."
Dans une famille les ascendants et les descendants sont les parents et les enfants. Dans une société d'une entreprise les ascendants et les descendants peuvent être des membres supérieurs et des membres inférieurs du personnel d'un système d'emploie.
(Il n'y a pas de permis de transférer aucune partie de la société en liquidation (en des règles du remboursement). Le propriétaire (le patron de l'entreprise) n'a pas le droit de transférer ou céder l'actif (les crédits ou les partes ou les biens) de l'entreprise, ni au liquidateur (qui peut être l'agent de remboursement ou l'agent de recouvrement de créances) ni à ses employés ni à aucun partenaire ou aucun membre du personnel en haut ou en bas dans l'échelle des droits et des titres de l'entreprise.)
https://www.labase-lextenso.fr/petites-affiches/PA200620501
https://www.l-expert-comptable.com/dossiers/les-cessions-de-...
"The assignments or transfers of all or part of the business company's shares in liquidation (financial settlement by rules of reimbursement or transfer over) to the liquidator (who can be a financial reimbursement settlement agent or a debt collector), the proprietor's employees, his partner, ascendants or descendants."
In a family the ascendants and the descendants are the parents and children. In a business enterprise the ascendants can be higher up in the hierarchy or the business society's employment scale or ladder, while the descendants can be lower down in the same scale or ladder.
"The transfer or assignment of all or part of the business company's shares in liquidation (settlement or transfer over) to the liquidator, his employees, his partner, his ascendants or descendants is prohibited."
(The proprietor (business owner) is not entitled (he or she does not have the right) to transfer or to pass over business company shares (credits or assets) to a financial agent, nor to any employees or partner, nor to promoted (superior) or less promoted (inferior) members of staff.)
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Note added at 16 hrs (2021-01-12 08:33:12 GMT)
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La révolution c'est un mouvement ou un transfer ou une cession comme un changément parmi les droits ou les titres dedans une société ou d'une entreprise.
"C'est le changement brusque de l'ordre économique, moral, culturel qui se produit dans une société."
https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/révolution/69...
Le roulement: "C'est une circulation des argents, son utilisation pour les paiements, les transactions: le roulement des capitaux."
https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/roulement/700...
(Revolution is a movement, transfer, pass-over or granting as a change within a society or a business enterprise's rights and titles.
"Revolution is an abrupt change in an economic, moral or cultural order which is produced within a society.
Rotation: It's the circulation of money or capital and its usage for payments (grants and/or loans) and transfers."
Je crois que la révolution est une chiffre d'affaire (peut-être un roulement). La liquidation des chifres ou des comptes est envers l'accord d'un balance. Il semble qu'un père considère céder ses affaires à ses employés ou à son partenaire ou à
disagree |
AllegroTrans
: Makes no sense in the context
4 hrs
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disagree |
Daryo
: How a "settlement" could have its own "turnover", in any context??
17 hrs
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Discussion
If the Asker would please post what follows the heading, this may become clearer.
Asker?
https://companieshouse.blog.gov.uk/2019/02/27/what-does-goin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidator_(law)
But all the rest I said still stands. This ST is not about who is buying the assets, but about who is put in charge of that process (/who is selling the business's assets) when the current liquidator gets dismissed or resigns.
BTW given that "Articles of association" are supposed to be a publicly available document, Asker could give the text of the whole article about "liquidation" (without any specific names) to help clarify this for good.
The whole article is most likely just copy-pasted from some standard clause re-used to no end - can't see any "breach of confidentiality" in publishing the whole article (without names, of course)
Réussissez le transfert de biens du CE au CSE - Réflexe CSE
reflexe-cse.fr › transfert-biens-ce-cse
Translate this page
31 Jul 2019 — Il y a dévolution de biens entre le comité sortant et le CSE. Ce processus de legs de patrimoine implique également pour le CE d'avertir tous ...
Décret du 9 septembre 1970 PORTANT DEVOLUTION DE ...
www.legifrance.gouv.fr › affichTexte
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19 Dec 2019 — Décret du 9 septembre 1970 PORTANT DEVOLUTION DE BIENS, DROITS ET OBLIGATIONS DE L'ANCIEN DEPARTEMENT ...
So my money is on this referring to a prohibition on the liquidator trasnferring assets to his spouse or relatives. It would probably clear up the haze if asker could post what follows the heading
BUT I find it unadvisable to "disagree" with the Source Text.
There is a principle in movie making that if at some point in the movie a shotgun is shown hanging on the wall, that shotgun should be soon relevant to what follows in the movie.
In the same way if the whole article is about "liquidation" (the winding-up the business), and just before there are mentions of "le liquidateur" being dismissed or resigning, then implicitly what follows is about the situation AFTER this dismissal / resignation - i.e. about who can be the replacement.
From what I can see in the ST and the explanations, it all points in that way
I don't see any good result being obtained by twisting the ST to conform to one reference that seems relevant.
"La révolution du liquidateur" being a typo for
"les actifs de la société ne peuvent être passés/vendus à/aux ..."
Really?
"Article L237-7 du Code de commerce
La cession de tout ou partie de l'actif de la société en liquidation au liquidateur ou à ses employés ou à leurs conjoint, ascendants ou descendants est interdite.",
I strongly disagree, but I suppose nothing is impossible.
What this clause says is that any kind of connection to the disgraced administrator is a presumption strong enough to disqualify someone else from taking take over the role of administrator. The brother / sister /father or the business partner of the expelled administrator might well be perfectly honest, they are still barred from getting anywhere close that company that is being "liquidated" /wound-up.
So this clause is in fact about the presumed conflict of interest between the outgoing "liquidateur" and their potential replacement.
clue:
... is preceded by the conditions required for the liquidator's dismissal or resignation ...
so this clause is about a situation where the current administrator is being replaced, and in fact it would primarily apply if "le liquidateur" was dismissed.
IF "le liquidateur" has been kicked out / dismissed from of the role for not doing it properly THEN that same position/role of "liquidateur" can not be passed on to anyone related to the dismissed "liquidateur" by employment or by family ties (ses employés, ou à son conjoint, ascendants ou descendants).
Or in plain speak a dodgy "liquidation administator" who's been kicked out of the job can not be simply replaced by another employee of the same firm or by someone from the same family.
Zonia -- that is your full context, plus any extra you have. Adjust my answer as appropriate.
La cession de tout ou partie de l'actif de la société en liquidation au liquidateur ou à ses employés ou à leurs conjoint, ascendants ou descendants est interdite.
"La révolution du liquidateur à ses employés, ou à son conjoint, ascendants ou descendants est interdite."
ur à ses employées.