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Portuguese to English: Diferenças nas variáveis em função das características pessoais e profissionais General field: Science Detailed field: Psychology
Source text - Portuguese
O objetivo desta análise foi testar as diferenças nas dimensões analisadas pelos instrumentos de avaliação (variáveis dependentes) em função de algumas características pessoais e profissionais da amostra (variáveis independentes). Para tal, foram constituídos cinco grupos de análise em função da dimensão da amostra recolhida e do interesse na literatura neste domínio: estado civil (solteiros e casados), prática de exercício físico (realizar ou não regularmente atividade física), contexto de exercício profissional (trabalhar maioritariamente dentro ou fora das instalações), número de horas de trabalho por semana (trabalhar mais ou menos 40 horas por semana) e categoria profissional (soldado, cabo ou sargento).
Em seguida, observaram-se os pressupostos de aplicação dos testes paramétricos, não se tendo em geral verificado problemas. Sempre que os pressupostos da normalidade não estavam garantidos, efetuou-se uma análise comparativa entre os resultados dos testes paramétricos e dos testes não paramétricos correspondentes, seguindo-se as indicações de Fife Schaw (2006). Nestes casos, as conclusões de ambos os testes foram no mesmo sentido.
Relativamente ao procedimento de tratamento de dados, foram realizados, consoante os casos, “t-test” para amostras independentes ou análises de variância One-Way (ANOVA), seguidas de comparações post-hoc com o teste de Scheffé (nos instrumentos unidimensionais) e análises de variância multivariada (MANOVA) (nos instrumentos multidimensionais). A Tabela 1 apresenta os resultados de todas as dimensões em que foram verificados valores significativos.
Começando pela comparação em função do estado civil, verificou-se que os casados evidenciaram maior stress associado ao excesso de trabalho, à carreira e remuneração e aos problemas familiares bem como maiores níveis de ameaça no trabalho.
A comparação em função da prática de exercício físico demonstrou que os profissionais com estilos de vida mais ativos assumiram o trabalho como mais desafiante e com maior potencial de confronto. De igual modo, assumiram menor exaustão emocional e menor sintomatologia depressiva.
Quanto ao contexto de exercício da atividade profissional, os resultados foram muito abrangentes, demonstrando que os profissionais que exerciam maioritariamente as suas funções no exterior das instalações (ex: atividade de patrulha) assumiram maior stress em cinco das dimensões avaliadas pelo QSPS-P, avaliaram mais negativamente a sua profissão (maior ameaça e menor desafio, confronto e controle), evidenciaram maior exaustão emocional e cinismo e maior sintomatologia depressiva.
Translation - English
The purpose of this analysis was to test the differences in the dimensions analyzed by the assessment instruments (dependent variables) according to some personal and professional characteristics of the sample (independent variables). To this end, five focus groups were made according to the size of the collected sample and interest of the literature in this area: marital status (married or single), practice of physical exercise (engagement or not in regular physical activity), context of professional practice (work mostly inside or outside the facilities), number of working hours per week (working more or less than 40 hours a week) and professional category (soldier, corporal or sergeant).
Then, the preconditions for applying the parametric testing were noted, and overall no problems were observed. Where the assumptions of normality were not guaranteed, a comparative analysis were made between the parametric and non-parametric corresponding tests results, in accordance with the indications of Fife Schaw (2006). In these cases, the findings of both tests were similar.
For the data processing procedure were performed, as appropriate, "t-test" for independent samples or analysis of variance One-Way (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc comparisons with the Scheffé test (in one-dimensional instruments) and Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) (in multidimensional instruments). The Table 1 shows the results of every dimension where significant values have been found.
Starting by the comparison on the basis of marital status, it was found that the married showed higher stress associated with overwork, career and compensation and family problems as well as higher threat levels at work.
The comparison on the basis of physical exercise showed that professionals with more active lifestyles experienced the job as more challenging and with more confrontational potential. Similarly, they related less emotional exhaustion and lower depressive symptoms.
As to the context of professional activity, the results were very broad, demonstrating that the professionals that exercised most of their functions outside the facilities (e.g. patrol activity) showed greater stress in five dimensions evaluated by QSPS-P, evaluated their profession more negatively (greater threat and minor challenge, confrontation and control), reported greater emotional exhaustion and cynicism and higher depressive symptoms.
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Years of experience: 11. Registered at ProZ.com: Apr 2015.
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With 10 years of translation experience and a deep appreciation for linguistic nuances, I bring a meticulous eye for detail and a commitment to delivering accurate and culturally sensitive translations. Specializing in subtitle translation and audiovisual content, I am eager to contribute with your success.
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