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English to Haitian-Creole: medical General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical: Health Care
Source text - English Masculinizing Surgery
What Is It and Is It Right For Me?
CHA is committed to providing the transgender community access to high quality health care and services.
We offer hormone therapy for adults and adolescents who are 16 or older and access to services to those under 16.
Our CHA providers will work with you to support the decision that is best for you.
Many masculinizing surgeries are available at CHA for people 18 or older.
What is masculinizing surgery?
Masculinizing surgery includes procedures that change the feminine features of your body to match your gender identity.
These include top surgery to remove your breasts and create a more male formed chest and bottom surgery to increase the length of the clitoris, create a penis and/or scrotum.
These surgeries can be expensive, carry risks and complications, and involve follow-up medical care and procedures.
Prior to some types of surgery, you'll be required to get recommendations from behavioral health providers, live as a male and be on masculinizing hormone therapy for a specific period of time.
Certain surgeries will affect your fertility and your sexual sensations, in addition to how you feel about your body.
Your CHA primary care provider, as well as people who have had these surgeries, can help you weigh the risks and benefits.
Why is masculinizing surgery done?
Masculinizing surgery can help reduce discomfort and distress for some transgender men and allow them to better match their gender identity.
For some transgender men, masculinizing surgery is a natural step — and important to their sense of self.
Others choose not to have surgery.
Transgender people relate to their bodies differently and need to make individual choices that best suit their needs.
Masculinizing surgeries are not typically done until adulthood.
Surgical options include:
Surgical removal of your breast tissue (top surgery for transgender men)
Surgical placement of implants to create the appearance of a defined male chest (pectoral implants – not currently done at CHA)
Various aesthetic procedures, such as a surgical procedure that uses a suction technique to remove fat from specific areas of the body (liposuction) or fat grafting
Genital surgery to remove your uterus (hysterectomy), or uterus and cervix (total hysterectomy), or fallopian tubes and ovaries (salpingo-oophorectomy)
Surgery to remove all or part of your vagina (vaginectomy), create a scrotum (scrotoplasty), place testicular prostheses, increase the length of the clitoris (metoidioplasty) or create a penis (phalloplasty)
Are There Risks?
Like any other type of major surgery, many types of masculinizing surgery pose a risk of bleeding, infection and an adverse reaction to anesthesia.
Other complications might include:
Delayed wound healing
Fluid accumulation beneath the skin
A solid swelling of clotted blood within your tissues (hematoma)
Changes in skin sensation such as persistent pain, tingling, reduced sensation or numbness
Damaged or dead body tissue (tissue necrosis), such as in the nipple and in the surgically created penis (neophallus)
A blood clot in a deep vein (deep vein thrombosis) or a blood clot in a lung (pulmonary embolism)
An abnormal connection between two body parts (fistula), such as in the urinary tract
Urinary problems, such as incontinence
Pelvic floor dysfunction
Permanent scarring
Loss of sexual pleasure and functioning
Worsening of an underlying behavioral health concern
Having Children
Certain types of masculinizing surgery can harm or end your fertility.
If you want to have biological children and you're having surgery that involves your reproductive organs, talk to your provider about freezing your eggs or embryos before moving forward with any masculinizing surgery.
Another option involves having ovarian tissue surgically removed, frozen and later thawed and reimplanted.
How to Prepare
Consult a surgeon who is board certified and experienced in doing masculinizing procedures.
Your surgeon will describe your options, risks and potential results.
The surgeon will provide information on the anesthesia, the location of the operation and the kind of follow-up procedures you might need.
Follow your doctor's specific instructions on preparing for your procedures, including guidelines on eating and drinking, adjusting current medications, and quitting smoking.
Although giving your informed consent after discussing the procedure’s risks and benefits is an acceptable standard of care, most surgeons will require you to meet certain criteria before having a masculinizing surgery.
To start, your surgeon will evaluate your health to rule out or address any medical conditions that might affect your surgery or show you should not have it.
The evaluation might include:
A review of your personal and family medical history
A physical exam, including an assessment of your internal reproductive organs
Lab tests measuring your lipids, blood sugar, blood count, liver enzymes and electrolytes
A review of your immunizations
Age- and sex-appropriate screenings
Identification and management of tobacco use, drug use, alcohol use, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections
Discussion about contraception and future fertility
A behavioral health evaluation by a provider with expertise in transgender health is also required.
The evaluation might assess:
Your gender identity and gender dysphoria
The impact of your gender identity at work, school, home and social environments, including issues related to discrimination, relationship abuse and minority stress
Mood or other mental health concerns
Sexual health concerns
Risk-taking behaviors, including substance use and use of nonmedical-grade silicone injections or unapproved hormone therapy or supplements
Protective factors such as social support from family, friends and peers
Your goals, risks and expectations of treatment and your future care plans
Before having non-genital masculinizing surgery, you'll be required to have one letter of support from a behavioral health provider with expertise in transgender health.
The letter must confirm that you meet the World Professional Association of Transgender Health (WPATH) standards of care criteria for surgery, including:
Having the ability to make fully informed decisions and consent to treatment
Be managing any major medical or mental health problems
Before having genital surgery, you'll be required to obtain two letters of support from behavioral health providers with expertise in transgender health.
The letters must confirm that you meet the WPATH standards of care criteria, including:
Undergoing hormone therapy as appropriate to your gender goals for at least 12 months, unless you have a medical contraindication or you're otherwise unable or unwilling to take hormones
Living in a gender role that matches your gender identity for at least 12 continuous months
Your provider might recommend against masculinizing surgeries if you have:
Uncontrolled behavioral health conditions
Uncontrolled significant health conditions
Any condition that limits your ability to give your informed consent
What You Can Expect
Chest surgery for transgender men or masculinizing chest surgery involves the removal of your breast tissue (subcutaneous mastectomy).
If your breast size is small, you might be able to have surgery that spares your skin, nipple and areola (nipple-sparing subcutaneous mastectomy).
This minimizes scarring, has a faster healing time and usually preserves sensation in the nipples.
If you have larger breasts, you might need to have your nipples and areolas taken off, resized and grafted back into position.
This causes more scarring and loss of sensation to the nipple.
If you are a carrier of genetic mutations that increase your risk of breast cancer, you might also choose to have your nipples and areolas completely removed and subsequent surgery or tattooing to recreate them.
After surgery, you might need to stay in the hospital overnight.
You'll likely have one or two small plastic tubes placed where your breasts were removed to drain any fluids after surgery.
You might not be able to bear weight on your upper body for six weeks.
Some breast tissue will likely remain regardless of the surgical technique.
As a result, your provider will talk to you about the need for continuing routine breast cancer screening.
Genital surgery
Bottom surgeries include metoidioplasty, phalloplasty, and scrotoplasty.
These surgeries are extensive and involve the reconstruction and removal of female genitalia as well as the creation of male genitalia.
Recovery time can take up to 12 weeks and you may need additional follow up surgeries depending on what type of procedure you choose.
Some of these procedures can cause significant scarring and carry a high risk of complications.
Talk with your CHA provider to weigh the risks and benefits of bottom surgeries to decide what is best for you.
With some bottom surgeries, you will lose the ability to have biological children.
If there is a possibility you want biological children in the future, your CHA provider can discuss your options before making any surgical decisions.
Transgender Care at CHA
CHA earned the coveted “LGBTQ+ Healthcare Equality Leader” designation for 2022 in the Human Rights Campaign Foundation's 15th anniversary edition of the Healthcare Equality Index.
Visit our LGBTQ+ Living Well and Transgender Care pages to find out more about our commitment to caring for the transgender and gender diverse communities.
Used with permission of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, all rights reserved.
“Masculinizing Surgery.”
Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 1 Nov. 2022,
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/masculinizing-surgery/about/pac-20385105.
Translation - Haitian-Creole Chiriji Maskilinize
Ki sa li ye epi èske li bon pou mwen?
CHA pran angajman pou l bay kominote transjan yo aksè ak bon jan kalite swen sante ak sèvis.
Nou ofri terapi òmònal pou granmoun ak adolesan ki gen 16 an oswa plis ak aksè ak sèvis pou moun ki poko gen 16 an.
Founisè CHA nou yo ap travay avèk ou pou sipòte desizyon ki pi bon pou ou a.
Anpil operasyon maskilinize disponib nan CHA pou moun ki gen 18 oswa plis.
Ki sa ki operasyon maskilinize?
Operasyon Maskilinize gen ladan pwosedi ki chanje karakteristik feminen kò w ki koresponn ak idantite sèks ou.
Men sa yo enkli operasyon anlè pou retire tete ou epi fòme yon pwatrin ki plis maskilen ak yon operasyon anba pou ogmante longè klitoris la, fòme yon peni/oswa skrotum.
Operasyon sa yo ka chè, pote risk ak konplikasyon, epi enplike swen medikal swivi ak pwosedi yo.
Anvan kèk kalite operasyon, ou pral oblije jwenn rekòmandasyon nan men pwofesyonèl sante konpòtmantal yo, viv kòm yon gason epi yo dwe sou terapi òmònal maskilinize pou yon peryòd tan espesifik.
Sèten operasyon pral afekte fètilite ou ak sansasyon seksyèl ou yo, anplis nan fason ou santi kò w.
Pwofesyonèl swen prensipal CHA w la, ansanm ak moun ki te fè operasyon sa yo, ka ede w evalye risk ak benefis yo.
Poukisa yo pwatike yon chiriji maskilinize?
Operasyon maskilinize ka ede diminye malèz ak detrès pou kèk gason transjan epi pèmèt yo pi byen koresponn ak idantite sèks yo.
Pou kèk gason transjan, operasyon maskilinize se yon etap natirèl - e li enpòtan pou sans yo nan pwòp tèt yo.
Gen lòt ki chwazi pa fè operasyon.
Moun transjan gen rapò ak kò yo yon fason diferan epi yo bezwen fè chwa endividyèl ki pi byen adapte ak bezwen yo.
Operasyon Maskilinize yo pa tipikman pwatike jiskaske w granmoun.
Opsyon chirijikal yo enkli:
Anlèvman chirijikal tisi tete w (pi gwo operasyon pou gason transjan yo)
Enplantasyon plasman chirijikal yo pou kreye yon aparans nan pwatrin gason andefini (enplantasyon pektoral - pa fè kounye a nan CHA)
Divès pwosedi estetik, tankou yon pwosedi chirijikal ki itilize yon teknik aspirasyon pou retire grès nan zòn espesifik nan kò a (lipoziksyon) oswa grèf nan grès yo.
Operasyon jenital pou retire matris ou (isterektomi), oswa matris ak kòl matris (isterektomi total), oswa tronp falop ak ovè (salpingo-oforektomi)
Operasyon pou retire tout oswa yon pati nan vajen ou (vajenektomi), kreye yon skrotom (scrotoplasty), mete pwotèz testikil, ogmante longè klitoris la (metoidioplasti) oswa fòme yon peni (faloplasti).
Èske gen Risk?
Menm jan ak nenpòt lòt kalite gwo operasyon, anpil kalite operasyon maskilinize yo poze yon risk pou senyen, enfeksyon ak yon reyaksyon negatif nan anestezi.
Lòt konplikasyon ka enkli:
Sikatrizasyon retade
Akimilasyon likid anba po a
Yon anfle solid nan san kowagile nan tisi ou yo (ematom)
Chanjman nan sansasyon po tankou doulè ki pèsistan, pikotman, diminye sansasyon oswa pèt sansasyon
Tisi kò a ki domaje oswa ki mouri (nèkroz tisi), tankou nan pwent tete a ak nan peni ki te fòme chirijikalman (neophallus)
Yon boul san nan yon venn pwofon (tronboz venn pwofon) oswa yon boul san nan yon poumon (anbolis pilmonè)
Yon koneksyon nòmal ant de pati nan kò a (fistil), tankou nan aparèy irin yo
Pwoblèm nan pipi, tankou enkonvenyans
Disfonksyon sistèm pèlvyen an
Sikatris pèmanan
Pèt plezi seksyèl ak fonksyonman
Agravasyon pwoblèm sante konpòtmantal ki kache
Anfante
Sèten kalite operasyon maskilinize ka fè mal oswa mete fen nan fètilite w.
Si ou vle fè timoun byolojik epi w ap fè operasyon ki enplike ògàn repwodiktif ou yo, pale ak pwofesyonèl ou a sou konjelasyon ze ou oswa anbriyon w anvan w avanse ak nenpòt operasyon maskilinizasyon.
Yon lòt opsyon enplike nan retire chirijikalman tisi ovaryen yo, konjelasyon dekonjele ak reenplantasyon.
Ki jan yo prepare
Konsilte yon chirijyen ki sètifye epi eksperimante nan pwosedi maskilinizasyon an.
Chirijyen ou a pral dekri opsyon w yo, risk ak potansyè rezilta yo.
Chirijyen an pral bay enfòmasyon sou anestezi a, kote operasyon an ak kalite pwosedi swivi ou ta ka bezwen.
Swiv enstriksyon espesifik doktè w bay sou preparasyon pou pwosedi w yo, ki gen ladan gid sou alimanasyon ak bwè, ajiste medikaman aktyèl yo, epi kite fimen.
Malgre w bay konsantman enfòme ou apre ou fin diskite sou risk ak benefis pwosedi a se yon estanda swen akseptab, pifò chirijyen yo pral mande pou ou satisfè sèten kritè anvan ou fè yon operasyon maskilinize
Pou kòmanse, chirijyen ou a pral evalye sante w pou eskli oswa adrese nenpòt kondisyon medikal ki ta ka afekte operasyon woswa montre ou pa ta dwe genyen li.
Evalyasyon an ka gen ladan:
Yon revizyon nan istwa medikal pèsonèl ou ak fanmi ou
Yon egzamen fizik, ki gen ladan evalyasyon ògàn repwodiktif entèn ou yo
Tès laboratwa ki mezire lipid ou, sik nan san, kantite san, anzim epatik ak elektwolit
Yon revizyon sou vaksen ou yo
Depistaj ki apwopriye pou laj ak sèks
Idantifikasyon ak jesyon itilizasyon tabak, itilizasyon dwòg, itilizasyon alkòl, VIH ak lòt enfeksyon seksyèlman transmisib
Diskisyon sou kontrasepsyon ak fètilite alavni
Yon founisè ki gen ekspètiz nan sante transjan egzije tou pou yon evalyasyon sante konpòtmantal.
Evalyasyon an ka evalye:
Idantite sèks ak disfori sèks ou
Enpak idantite sèksyél ou nan travay, lekòl, lakay ou ak anviwònman sosyal, ki gen ladan pwoblèm ki gen rapò ak diskriminasyon, abi relasyon ak estrès nan minorite yo.
Atitid oswa lòt pwoblèm sante mantal
Enkyetid sante seksyèl
Konpòtman ki pran risk, ki gen ladan itilizasyon sibstans ak itilizasyon piki silikon ki pa medikal oswa terapi òmònal oswa sipleman ki pa apwouve.
Faktè pwoteksyon tankou sipò sosyal nan men fanmi, zanmi ak kanmarad
Objektif ou, risk ak atant ou genyen nan tretman ak plan swen alavni w
Anvan ou fè operasyon maskilinizasyon ki pa jenital, ou pral oblije gen yon lèt sipò nan men yon pwofesyonèl sante konpòtmantal ki gen ekspètiz nan sante transjan.
Lèt la dwe konfime ou satisfè kritè swen medikal Asosyasyon Pwofesyonèl Mondyal pou Sante transjan (WPATH) pou operasyon, tankou:
Gen kapasite pou pran desizyon konplètman enfòme ak konsantman pou tretman an
Ou dwe jere nenpòt gwo pwoblèm medikal oswa sante mantal
Anvan w fè operasyon jenital , w ap oblije jwenn de lèt sipò nan men pwofesyonèl sante konpòtmantal ki gen ekspètiz nan sante transjan.
Lèt yo dwe konfime ou satisfè kritè swen WPATH estanda yo, tankou:
Sibi terapi òmònal jan sa apwopriye pou objektif sèks ou pou omwen 12 mwa, sof si ou gen yon kont endikasyon medikal oswa ou pa kapab oswa pa vle pran òmòn yo.
K ap viv nan yon wòl sèks ki koresponn ak idantite sèks ou pou omwen 12 mwa kontinyèl
Pwofesyonèl ou a ta ka dekonseye w pou operasyon masculinizasyon si w genyen:
Kondisyon sante konpòtman san kontwòl
Kondisyon sante enpòtan san kontwòl
Nenpòt kondisyon ki limite kapasite w pou bay konsantman enfòme w
Ki sa ou ka atann
Operasyon nan pwatrin pou gason transjan oswa operasyon pwatrin maskilinize enplike nan retire tisi tete ou (mastèktomi soukitane).
Si gwosè tete w piti, ou ka gendwa fè yon operasyon ki prezève po w, pwent tete w ak areola (mastèktomi soukitane pou pwoteje pwent tete w).
Sa a minimize sikatris, ak yon tan gerizon pi rapid epi anjeneral prezève sansasyon nan pwent tete yo.
Si ou gen gwo tete, ou ta ka bezwen gen pwent tete ou ak areola yo anlve, redimansyone l epi grefye l ankò.
Sa lakòz plis sikatris ak pèt sansasyon nan pwent tete a.
Si ou se yon moun ki gen mitasyon jenetik ki ogmante risk ou pou genyen kansè nan tete, ou ta ka chwazi tou pou yo retire pwent tete ou ak areola yo epi apre sibi yon entèvansyon chirijikal oswa yon tatoo pou rekreye yo.
Apre operasyon an, ou ka bezwen rete lopital la lannwit lan.
Ou pral gen anpil chans mete youn oubyen de ti tib plastik kote yo te retire tete ou pou vide nenpòt likid apre operasyon.
Ou ka pa kapab pote pwa sou pati anwo kò w pou sis semèn.
Gen kèk tisi tete kap rete kèlkeswa teknik chirijikal la.
Kòm yon rezilta, pwofesyonèl ou a la pral pale avèk ou sou bezwen pou kontinye tès depistaj kansè nan tete.
Operasyon jenital
Operasyon anba yo enkli metoidioplasti, faloplasti, ak skrotoplasti.
Operasyon sa yo vast epi yo enplike rekonstriksyon ak anlèvman pati jenital fi yo ak kreyasyon pati jenital gason yo.
Tan rekiperasyon an ka pran jiska 12 semèn epi ou ka bezwen plis operasyon swivi depann de ki kalite pwosedi ou chwazi a.
Gen kèk nan pwosedi sa yo ka lakòz sikatris enpòtan ak yon gwo risk pou konplikasyon.
Pale ak pwofesyonèl CHA ou a pou evalye risk ak benefis operasyon anba yo pou deside sa ki pi bon pou ou.
Avèk kèk operasyon anba, ou pral pèdi kapasite pou fè timoun byolojik.
Si gen yon posibilite ou vle timoun byolojik alavni, pwofesyonèl CHA ou a ka diskite sou opsyon ou yo anvan ou pran nenpòt desizyon chirijikal.
Swen transjan nan CHA
CHA te resevwa tit prestijye “LGBTQ+ Healthcare Equality Leader” pou 2022 nan edisyon 15yèm anivèsè Endèks Egalite Swen Sante Fondasyon Dwa Moun nan.
Vizite paj LGBTQ+ Living Well ak Swen Transjan nou yo pou jwenn plis enfòmasyon sou angajman nou pou pran swen kominote transjan ak divès sèks yo.
Itilize avèk pèmisyon Fondasyon Mayo pou Edikasyon ak Rechèch Medikal, tout dwa yo rezève.
operasyon maskilinize
Klinik Mayo, Fondasyon Mayo pou Edikasyon ak Rechèch Medikal, 1 Novanm 2022,
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/masculinizing-surgery/about/pac-20385105 .
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