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Spanish to English: Scientific Translation General field: Science Detailed field: Science (general)
Source text - Spanish Un pequeño fragmento de roca atrapado en el interior de un diamante tiene la clave sobre algunos secretos geológicos de nuestro planeta. Este pequeño trozo de roca ha abierto una ventana al conocimiento de la composición y estructura de los materiales presentes en el manto interior de la Tierra. El diamante procedía de una mina de Botsuana y se formó a más de 660 kilómetros de profundidad, en el límite superior del manto interior, y en su interior se encuentra un mineral de silicato recién identificado llamado davemaoita, del que hasta ahora no se tenía conocimiento en el medio natural. Hasta ahora este mineral, la davemaoita, solo se había obtenido en análisis de laboratorio. Es la primera vez que los científicos consiguen demostrar definitivamente su existencia, pues hasta la fecha únicamente había sido documentado en experimentos de laboratorio. El equipo bautizó el mineral en honor al conocido geofísico sinoamericano Ho-Kwang Mao, cuyas investigaciones han sido cruciales para la investigación de las capas inferiores de la Tierra. El mineralogista Olivier Tschauner, de la Universidad de Nevada en Las Vegas, y sus colegas identificaron la composición química y la estructura del nuevo mineral, que calificaron como un tipo de silicato de calcio CaSiO3-perovskita a través de técnicas analíticas, como la difracción cristalográfica de rayos X, la fluorescencia y la espectroscopia. Hasta la fecha la comunidad científica había estimado que entre el 5 y el 7% del manto interior terrestre debía estar compuesto por este mineral, muy difícil de observar en esa capa terrestre (que se extiende hasta 2.700 kilómetros por debajo de la superficie del planeta). Y es que, a esas profundidades y presiones, los minerales empiezan a reorganizar sus estructuras cristalinas modificándolas completamente. “El material del manto se encuentra en movimiento debido a los movimientos de convección. Por lo tanto, a cada nivel de profundidad los minerales del manto están en equilibrio termodinámico a una temperatura y presión dadas y en función de la composición de toda la roca -explica Tshauner a National Geographic España a través de un correo electrónico-. A veces determinadas erupciones volcánicas transportan fragmentos de roca de hasta 100 km de profundidad (algunos creen que 200 km) pero no del manto inferior (660 a 2.700 km de profundidad)”. Por otro lado, explica, los diamantes tienen la particularidad de encapsular minerales de roca circundante durante su formación, los cuales quedan protegidos desde el punto de vista físico y químico. De ahí que los minerales atrapados en el diamante puedan permanecer a una presión remanente que sea lo suficientemente alta como para mantenerlos en su estructura original. Los diamantes, pues, actúan como cápsulas del tiempo, encerrando las formas minerales originales en su viaje a la superficie. El descubrimiento de la davemaoita no solo confirma su existencia, sino que revela la ubicación de algunas fuentes de calor de las profundidades de la Tierra. Y es que, aunque se trata de un mineral de silicato de calcio, este nuevo mineral también contiene una serie de elementos distintos que ‘se cuelan’ en su estructura cristalina, lo que incluye elementos radiactivos como el uranio (U), el torio (Th) y el potasio (K), así como elementos de tierras raras y elementos radiactivos, que, juntos producen aproximadamente un tercio de todo el calor que circula en el manto inferior terrestre. La identificación de la composición química de este nuevo mineral permite ahora a los científicos confirmar dónde residen estos elementos.
Translation - English A small fragment of a trapped rock in the interior of a diamond contains the key to some geological secrets of our planet. This small piece of rock has opened a window to the knowledge of the composition and structure of the present materials in the interior mantle of the Earth. The diamond came from a mine in Botswana and formed more than 600 kilometers in depth, in the upper portion of the interior mantle and in its interior can be found in a silicon mineral recently identified called davemaoite, which until now there was no knowledge in the natural environment. Until now this mineral, davemaoite, only had been obtained in laboratory analysis. It’s the first time that scientists are able to demonstrate definitively its existence, since until that date, there only had been laboratory experiments documented. The team baptized the mineral in honor of the known Sino American geophysicist, Ho-Kwang Mao, whose investigations have been crucial for the investigation of the inner layers of the Earth. The mineralogist Olivier Tschauner, of the University of Nevada in Las Vegas, and his colleagues identified the chemical composition and the structure of the new mineral that calcified like a type of calcium silicate CaSiO3-perovskite through analytical techniques, like the crystallographic diffraction of X-rays, the fluorescence and the spectroscopy. Until that day the scientific community had estimated that between 5 and 7% of the interior earth mantle should be composed by this mineral, very difficult to observe in this earth layer (that extends up to 2,700 kilometers underneath the surface of the planet). And furthermore, at these depths and pressures, the minerals start to reorganize their crystalline structures modifying them completely. “The mantle material is found in movement due to the convection movements. Thus, at each level of depth the minerals are in thermodynamic equilibrium at a given temperature and are dependent on the composition of the entire rock (some believe that it’s 200 km) but not from the interior mantle (660 to 2,700 km of depth)”. On the other hand, he explains, the diamonds have the particularity of encapsulating minerals of surrounding rocks during their formation, which remain protected from the physical and chemical point of view. Hence, the trapped minerals in the diamond can remain at a remainder pressure that is sufficiently high enough to maintain them in their original structure. The diamonds, then, act as time capsules, enclosing the original mineral forms on their trip to the surface. The discovery of the davemaoite not only confirms its existence, but also reveals the location of some sources of heat in the depths of Earth. The thing is although this new mineral is calcium calcium silicate, this new mineral also contains a series of distinct elements that slip in its crystalline structure, what includes radioactive elements like uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium (K), as well as rare earth elements and radioactive elements, that, together produce approximately a third of all the heat that circulates in the interior earth mantle. The identification of the chemical composition of this new mineral allows the scientists now to confirm where these elements reside.
Spanish to English: News Article General field: Other Detailed field: Market Research
Source text - Spanish Desde el año 2008, las redes sociales han experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en España, aumentando del 22.6% al 72.3% los usuarios habituales entre el año 2008 y el último trimestre de 2010 (INTECO, 2011). Según datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística en 2012, el 88,5% de los jóvenes usuarios de Internet con edades comprendidas entre los 16 y 24 años participa en redes sociales y, ya en 2009, Bringué y Sádaba (2009) encontraron que el 71% de los adolescentes españoles (12-18 años) las utilizaban, elevándose esta cifra con la edad. Al mismo tiempo, no cabe duda de que la emergencia de las redes sociales y la consiguiente integración de muchas de las aplicaciones on-line (Garmendia, Garitaonandia & al., 2011; Patchin & Hinduja, 2010) promueve un cambio de las prácticas generales en la Red, desplazando ciertos hábitos y propiciando otros. Este artículo tiene como principal objetivo detectar y analizar los usos y comportamientos más recientes de los adolescentes en Internet y en las redes sociales en España. Más concretamente, incorporamos una comparación de los hábitos on-line entre diferentes perfiles de usuarios de las redes sociales, desde los más intensivos hasta los no usuarios, con el objetivo de identificar la influencia de la incorporación de las redes sociales en los usos generales de Internet. El trabajo que aquí se presenta se sitúa en el cruce teórico y metodológico de estudios similares, con especial vinculación a los trabajos de Sonia Livingstone enfocados a la relación entre menores y jóvenes con Internet, en el marco de EU Kids Online. Un proyecto que se ha centrado tanto en los usos y experiencias de los menores en Internet en el marco europeo, en los riesgos a los que se pueden enfrentar, como son el cyberbullying, la pornografía, o la invasión de la privacidad, así como en aspectos como los niveles de alfabetización y competencia digital. Esta perspectiva ha dado lugar a una bibliografía ingente (Livingstone, 2008; Livingstone & Helsper, 2010; Livingstone & Brake, 2010; Livingstone & al. 2011), a la que hay que añadir otros estudios en esta línea (Valcke & al., 2011), producto del creciente esfuerzo investigador de los últimos años. Las hipótesis que barajamos en esta investigación son las siguientes: • H1. Se espera encontrar que un mayor uso de las redes sociales también conlleva un mayor tiempo de conexión a la Red. • H2. La incorporación de las redes sociales supone un desplazamiento de otras aplicaciones anteriores. orientadas a la comunicación con el grupo de pares. Por tanto, se espera que los usuarios de las redes sociales hayan desplazado en sus usos este tipo de aplicaciones que se mantendrían entre los no usuarios. • H3. También se espera que los usuarios de las redes sociales hagan un uso más intensivo de aquellas herramientas on-line que les permitan obtener contenidos para compartir con sus pares. 1.1. Antecedentes Tal y como señala Ahn (2011), la cuestión aquí analizada es objeto de una cada vez más amplia bibliografía. Algunos autores se preocupan, entre otros aspectos, del uso intensivo, de cómo se distribuye (Len - hart & Madden, 2007; Lenhart, Purcell & al., 2010) o de la creciente influencia de los móviles (Purcell, 2011). Otros trabajos analizan los temas educativos y la alfabetización (Pérez, 2005; Eynon & Malmberg, 2011), la capacidad multitarea de las nuevas generaciones (Levine, Waite & Bowman, 2007; Moreno & al., 2012), las relaciones e influencia del contexto familiar (Liu & al., 2012; Duerager & Livingstone, 2012), los aspectos referidos a las diferencias de género (Val - kenburg & Peter, 2011), el impacto de las diferencias offline (Ahn, 2011) o la creación de contenidos.
Translation - English From the year 2008, the social networks have experimented an exponential growth in Spain, increasing from 22.6% to 72.3% daily users between the year 2008 and the last trimester of 2008 (Inteco, 2011).
According to the dates from the National Statistics Insitute in 2012, 88.5% of young Internet users at a comprensible age between 16 and 24 years participate in social networks and, already, Brigué and Sádaba (2009) found that 71% of the Spanish adolescents (12-18 years) used them, elevating this statistic alongside age. At the same time, there’s no doubt that the emergency of the social networks and the consequential integration of many of the on-line applications (Garmendia, Garitaonandia & al., 2011; Patchin & Hunduja, 2010), promote a change in the general practices on the network, displacing certain habits and providing others.
This article has as its principal objective to detect and analyze the most recent uses and behaviors of adolescents on the Internet and on the social networks in Spain. More concretely, we incorporate a comparison of the on-line habits between different user profiles on the social networks, from the most active to the least active users, with the objective of identifying the influence of the incorporation of social networks on the general uses of the internet. The work that is presented here bases itself on the theoretical and methodological crossing of similiar studies, with a special connection to the works of Sonia Livingston focused on the relation between minors and youth with the Internet, within the framework of EU Kids Online. A project that has centered both on the uses and experiences of youth on the Internet in the European framework, on the risks they may face, such as cyberbullying, pornography, or invasion of privacy, as well as in aspects like levels of literacy and digital competency. This perspective has given rise to a enormous bibliography (Livingstone, 2008; Livingston & Helsper, 2010; Livingston & Brake, 2010; Livingston & al. 2011) one that must have other studies added alongside this subject, a product of the growing investigative effort within the last years.
The hypotheses that we considered in this investigation are the following: H1: It expects to find a major use of the social networks while it also takes longer connection time to the network. The incorporation of the social networks presumes a displacement of other prior applications oriented to communication with the peer group. Therefore, it expects that the social network users are displaced from their use of their applications such that they would remain among non-users. Also, it expects that the social network users utilize more intensely those on-line tools that permit them to obtain content for sharing with their peers.
Just as Ahna points out (2011), the analyzed question here is the object of another more amplified bibliography. Some authors worry, amongst other aspects, about the intense use, about how it’s distributed (Len-hart & Madden, 2007; Lenhart, Purcell & al., 2010) or about the growing influence of mobile phones (Purcell, 2011). Other works analyze the educational themes and literacy (Pérez, 2005; Eynon & Malmberg, 2011), the mult-task capacity of the new generations (Levine, Waite & Bowman, 2007; Moreno & al., 2012), the relations and influence of the familiar context (Liu & al., 2012; Duerager & Livingston, 2012), the referred aspects to the differences of genre (Valkenberg & Peter, 2011), the impact of the offline differences (Ahn, 2011) or the content creation.
Spanish to English: Legal Translation General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Law (general)
Source text - Spanish
Artículo 1
LA CORTE INTERNACIONAL DE JUSTICIA establecida por la Carta de las Naciones Unidas como órgano judicial principal de las Naciones Unidas, quedará constituida y funcionará conforme a las disposiciones del presente Estatuto.
CAPITULO I
ORGANIZACION DE LA CORTE
Artículo 2
La Corte será un cuerpo de magistrados independientes elegidos, sin tener en cuenta su nacionalidad, de entre personas que gocen de alta consideración moral y que reúnan las condiciones requeridas para el ejercicio de las más altas funciones judiciales en sus respectivos países, o que sean jurisconsultos de reconocida competencia en materia de derecho internacional.
Artículo 3
1. La Corte se compondrá de quince miembros, de los cuales no podrá haber dos que sean nacionales del mismo Estado.
2. Toda persona que para. ser elegida miembro de la Corte pudiera ser tenida por nacional de más de un Estado, será considerada nacional del Estado donde ejerza ordinariamente sus derechos civiles y políticos.
Artículo 4
l. Los miembros de la Corte serán elegidos por la Asamblea General y el Consejo de Seguridad de una nómina de candidatos propuestos. Por los grupos nacionales de la Corte Permanente de Arbitraje, de conformidad con las disposiciones siguientes.
2. En el caso de los Miembros de las Naciones Unidas que no estén representados en la Corte Permanente de Arbitraje, los candidatos serán propuestos por grupos nacionales que designen a este efecto sus respectivos gobiernos, en condiciones iguales a las estipuladas para los miembros de la Corte Permanente de Arbitraje por el Artículo 44 de la Convención de La Haya de1907 sobre arreglo pacífico de las controversias internacionales.
3. A falta de acuerdo especial, la Asamblea General fijará, previa recomendación del Consejo de Seguridad, las condiciones en que pueda participar en la elección de los miembros de la Corte un Estado que sea parte en el presente Estatuto sin ser Miembro de las Naciones Unidas.
Artículo 5
1. Por lo menos tres meses antes de la fecha de la elección, el Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas invitará por escrito a los miembros de la Corte Permanente de Arbitraje pertenecientes a los Estados partes en este Estatuto y a los miembros de los grupos nacionales designados según el párrafo 2 del Artículo 4 a que, dentro de un plazo determinado y por grupos nacionales, propongan como candidatos a personas .que estén en condiciones de desempeñar las funciones de miembro de la Corte.
2. Ningún grupo podrá proponer más de cuatro candidatos, de los cuales no más de dos serán de su misma nacionalidad. El número de candidatos propuestos por un grupo no será, en ningún caso, mayor que el doble del número de plazas por llenar.
Artículo 6
Antes de proponer estos candidatos, se recomienda a cada grupo nacional que consulte con 21 su más alto tribunal de justicia, sus facultades y escuelas de derecho, sus academias· nacionales y.las secciones nacionales de academias internacionales dedicadas al estudio del derecho.
Artículo 7
l. El Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas preparará una lista por orden alfabético de todas las personas .así designadas. Salvo lo que se. dispone en el párrafo 2 del Artículo 12, únicamente .esas personas serán elegibles.
2. El Secretario General presenfará esta lista a la Asamblea··General y al.Consejo de Seguridad.
Artículo 8
La Asamblea General y el Consejo de Seguridad procederán índependientemente a la elección de los miembros de la Corte.
Artículo 9
En toda elección, los electores tendrán en cuenta no sólo que las personas que hayan de elegirse reúnan individualmente las condiciones requeridas, sino también que en el conjunto estén representadas. las grandes civilizaciones y los principales sistemas jurídicos del mundo.
Artículo 10
l. Se considerarán electos los candidatos que obtengan una mayoría absoluta de votos en la Asamblea General y en el Consejo de Seguridad.
2. En las votaciones del Consejo de Seguridad, sean para elegir magistrados o para designar los miembros de la comisión prevista en el Artículo 12, no habrá distinción alguna entre miembros permanentes y miembros no permanentes del Consejo de Seguridad. ·
3. En el caso de que más de un nacional del mismo Estado obtenga una mayoría absoluta de votos tanto en la Asamblea General como en el Consejo de Seguridad, se considerará electo el de mayor edad.
Artículo 11
Si después de la primera sesión celebrada para las elecciones quedan todavía una o más plazas por llenar, se celebrará una segunda sesión y, si necesario fuere, una tercera.
Artículo 12
1. Si después de la tercera sesión para elecciones quedan todavía una o más plazas por llenar, se podrá constituir en cualquier momento, a petición de la Asamblea General o del Consejo de Seguridad, una comisión conjunta compuesta de seis miembros, tres nombrados por la Asamblea General y tres por el Consejo de Seguridad, conel objeto de :escoger, por mayoría absoluta devotos, un nombre para cada plaza aún vacante, a fin de sometido a la. aprobación respectiva de la Asamblea General y del Consejo de Seguridad.
2. Si la comisión conjunta acordare unánimemente proponer· a una persona que satisfaga las
condiciones requeridas, podrá incluirla en su lista aunque esa persona no figure en la lista de candidatos a que se refiere el Artículo 7.
3. Si la comisión conjunta llegare a la conclusión de que no logrará asegurar la elección, los
miembros de la Corte ya electos llenarán las plazas vacantes dentro del término que fije el Consejo de Seguridad, escogiendo a candidatos que hayan recibido votos en la Asamblea General o en el Consejo de Seguridad.
. 4. En caso de empate en la votación, el magistrado de mayor edad decidirá con su voto.
Artículo 13
l. Los miembros de la Corte desempeñarán sus cargos por nueve años, y podrán ser reelectos.
Sin embargo, el período de cinco de los magistrados electos en la primera elección expirará a los tres años, y el período de otros cinco magistrados expirará a los seis años.
2. Los magistrados cuyos períodos hayan de expirar. al· cumplirse los mencionados períodos
iniciales de tres y de seis años, serán designados mediante sorteo que efectuará el Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas inmediatamente después de terminada la primera elección.
3. Los miembros de la Corte continuarán desempeñando las funciones de sus cargos hasta que tomen posesión sus sucesores. Después de reemplazados, continuarán conociendo de los casos que hubieren iniciado, hasta su terminación.
4. Si renunciare un miembro de la Corte, dirigirá la renuncia al Presidente de la Corte, quien la transmitirá al Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas. Esta última notificación determinará la vacante del cargo.
Artículo 14
Las vacantes se llenarán por el mismo procedimiento seguido en la primera elección; con arreglo a la disposición siguiente: dentro de un mes de ocurrida la vacante, el Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas extenderá las invitaciones que dispone el Artículo 5, y el Consejo de Seguridad fijará la fecha de la elección.
Artículo 15
Todo miembro de la Corte electo para reemplazar a otro que no hubiere terminado su período desempeñará el cargo por el resto del período de su predecesor.
Artículo 16
1. Ningún miembro de la Corte podrá ejercer función política o administrativa alguna, ni dedicarse a ninguna otra ocupación de carácter profesional.
2. En caso de duda, la Corte decidirá.
Artículo 17
l. Los miembros de la Corte no podrán ejercer funciones de agente, co11sejero o abogado en ningún asunto.
2. No podrán tampoco participar en la decisión de ningún asunto en que hayan intervenido anteriormente como agentes, consejeros o abogados de cualquiera de las partes, o como miembros de un tribunal nacional o internacional o de una comisión investigadora, o en cualquier otra calidad.
3. En caso de duda, la Corte decidirá.
Artículo 18
l. No será separado del cargo ningún miembro de la Corte a menos que, a juicio unánime de los
demás miembros, haya dejado de satisfacer las condiciones requeridas.
2. El Secretario de la Corte comunicará oficialmente lo anterior al Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas.
3. Esta comunicación determinará la vacante del cargo.
Translation - English
Article 1
The International Court of Justice established by the Charter of the United Nations as the principal judicial organ of the United Nations shall be constituted and function in accordance with the provisions of the present Statute.
Chapter 1
Organization of the Court
Article 2
The Court shall be composed of a body of independent judges, elected regardless of their nationality, from among people of high moral reputation and who possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for appointment to the highest of judicial offices, or are jurisconsults or have recognized competence in matters of international law.
Article 3
1. The Court shall consist of 15 members, no two of whom may be nationals of the same country.
2. A person who for the purposes of membership of the Court could be regarded as a national of more than one state shall be deemed to be a national of the one in which he ordinarily exercises civil and political rights.
Article 4
1. The members of the Court shall be elected
by the General Assembly and the Security Council
from a list of candidates nominated by the national groups in the Permanent Court of Arbitration, in accordance with the following provisions:
2. In the case of the Members of the United Nations not represented in the Permanent Court of Arbitration, the candidates shall be nominated by national groups appointed for this purpose by their respective governments, under the same conditions as those designated for members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration by Article 44 of the Convention of the Hague of 1907 for the peaceful settlement of international disputes.
3. The conditions under which a state which is a party to the present Statute but is not a Member of the United Nations may participate in electing the members of the Court, shall, in the absence of a special agreement, lay down by the General Assembly upon recommendation of the Security Council.
Article 5
1. At least three months before the date of the election, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall send a written request to the members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration belonging to the States which are parties to the present Statute and to the members of the national groups appointed under Article 4, paragraph 2, inviting them to undertake, within a given period, by national groups, the nomination of people in a position to accept the duties of a member of the Court.
2. No group shall nominate more than four people, not more than two whom shall be of their own nationality. In no case shall the number of candidates nominated by a group be more than double the number of seats to be filled.
Article 6
Before making these nominations, each national group is recommended to consult its 21 highest courts of justice, its legal faculties and schools of law, and the national sections of international academies devoted to the study of law.
Article 7
1. The Secretary General of the United Nations shall prepare a list in alphabetical order of all the people thus appointed. Save as provided in Article 12, paragraph 2, these shall be the only people eligible.
1. The Secretary General shall submit this list to the General Assembly and to the Security Council.
Article 8
The General Assembly shall proceed independently to elect the members of the Court.
Article 9
1. At every election, the electors shall bear in mind not only that the people to be elected should individually possess the qualifications required, but also in the body are representative of the main forms of civilization and of the principal legal systems of the world should be guaranteed.
Article 10
1. Those who obtain absolute majority of votes in the General Assembly and in the Security Council shall be considered as elected.
2. Any vote of the Security Council, whether for the election of judges or for appointment of members of the conference provided in Article 12, shall not distinguished between permanent and non-permanent members of the Security Council.
3. In the event of more than one national of the same State obtaining an absolute majority of votes both in the General Assembly and in the Security Council, the eldest of these only shall be considered as elected.
Article 11
If after the first meeting held for the purpose of the elections, one or more spots remain to be filled, a second session, and if necessary, a third shall be held.
Article 12
1. If after the third session, one or more seats remains unfilled, a joint conference consisting of six members, three appointed by the General Assembly and three by the Security Council, may be formed at any time at the request of either the General Assembly or the Security Council, for the purpose of choosing by the vote of an absolute majority one name for each seat still vacant, to submit to the General assembly and the Security Council for their respective acceptance.
2. If the joint conference unanimously agrees to select a person who fulfills the requirements, he shall be included in its list, even though he wasn’t included in the list of nominations referred to in
Article 7
3. If the joint conference agrees that it will not be successful in securing an election, those members of the Court who have already been selected shall, within a period to be fixed by the Security Council, proceed to fill the vacant seats by selection from the candidates who have secured votes either in the General Assembly or in the Security Council.
4. In the event of a tie, the eldest judge shall have the deciding vote.
Article 8
The General Assembly shall proceed independently to elect the members of the Court.
Article 9
1. At every election, the electors shall bear in mind not only that the people to be elected should individually possess the qualifications required, but also in the body are representative of the main forms of civilization and of the principal legal systems of the world should be guaranteed.
Article 10
1. Those who obtain absolute majority of votes in the General Assembly and in the Security Council shall be considered as elected.
2. Any vote of the Security Council, whether for the election of judges or for appointment of members of the conference provided in Article 12, shall not distinguished between permanent and non-permanent members of the Security Council.
3. In the event of more than one national of the same State obtaining an absolute majority of votes both in the General Assembly and in the Security Council, the eldest of these only shall be considered as elected.
Article 11
If after the first meeting held for the purpose of the elections, one or more spots remain to be filled, a second session, and if necessary, a third shall be held.
Article 12
1. If after the third session, one or more seats remains unfilled, a joint conference consisting of six members, three appointed by the General Assembly and three by the Security Council, may be formed at any time at the request of either the General Assembly or the Security Council, for the purpose of choosing by the vote of an absolute majority one name for each seat still vacant, to submit to the General assembly and the Security Council for their respective acceptance.
Article 13
1. The members of the Court shall fulfill their elected duties for nine years, and may be reelected. However, that of the judges elected at the first election, the terms of five judges shall expire at the end of three years and the terms of five more judges shall expire at the end of six years.
2. The judges whose terms are to expire at the end of the above-mentioned initial periods of three and six years to shall be chosen by lottery to be drawn by the Secretary-General immediately after the first election has taken place.
3. The members of the Court shall continue fulfilling their duties until their successors assume their position. After replacement, they shall finish any cases which have begun until completion.
4. In the case of a resignation of a member of the Court, they shall direct the resignation to the President of the Court for deliverance to the Secretary-General. This last notification allows for vacancy.
Article 14
Vacancies shall be filled by the same procedure as outlined in the first election, subject to the following provision: the Secretary of the United Nations shall, within one month of the occurrence of the vacancy, proceed to extend invitations provided for in Article 5, and the date of the election shall be set by the Security Council.
Article 15
A member of the court elected to replace another whose term of office has not expired shall hold office for the remainder of his predecessor's term.
Article 16
1. No member of the Court shall exercise any political and administrative function nor engage in any other occupation of a professional nature.
2. Any doubt on this point shall be decided by the Court.
Article 17
1. Members of the Court may not act as agent, counsel, or advocate under any circumstances.
2. No member shall participate in the decision of any case they have previously taken part as agent, counsel, or advocate for one of the parties, or as a member of a national or international court or of a commission of enquiry, in any other capacity.
3. Any doubt on this point shall be decided by the Court.
Article 18
1. No member of the Court can be dismissed, unless unanimous opinion of other members, he has ceased to fulfill the required conditions.
2. Formal notification thereof shall be made to the Secretary-General by the Registrar.
3. This notification opens up a vacancy.
Portuguese to English: Medical Translation General field: Medical
Source text - Portuguese Como promover uma alimentação saudável
A alimentação evolui com o tempo, sendo influenciada por diversos fatores sociais e econômicos, que interagem de maneira complexa para moldar os padrões alimentares individuais. Esses fatores incluem renda, preços dos alimentos (o que afetará a disponibilidade e a acessibilidade aos alimentos saudáveis), preferências e crenças individuais, tradições culturais e aspectos geográficos e ambientais (incluindo mudanças climáticas). Portanto, promover um ambiente alimentar saudável – com sistemas alimentares que promovam uma dieta diversificada e equilibrada – requer o envolvimento de múltiplos setores e partes interessadas, incluindo governos e os setores público e privado.
Os governos têm um papel central na criação de um ambiente alimentar saudável que permita às pessoas adotar e manter práticas saudáveis. Entre as ações efetivas que podem ser tomadas por decisores políticos para criar um ambiente alimentar saudável, estão:
Criar coerência nas políticas nacionais e planos de investimento – incluindo políticas comerciais, alimentares e agrícolas – para promover uma alimentação saudável e proteger a saúde pública por meio do:
• Aumento dos incentivos para produtores e varejistas cultivarem, usarem e venderem frutas e legumes frescos;
• Redução de incentivos para a indústria alimentícia continuar ou aumentar a produção de alimentos processados, que contêm altos níveis de gorduras saturadas, gorduras trans, açúcares livres e sal/sódio;
• Encorajar a reformulação de produtos alimentícios para reduzir gorduras saturadas, gorduras trans, açúcares livres e sal/sódio, com objetivo de eliminar as gorduras trans produzidas industrialmente;
• Implementar as recomendações da OMS sobre a comercialização de alimentos e bebidas não alcoólicas para crianças;
• Estabelecer padrões para promover práticas alimentares saudáveis, assegurando a disponibilidade de alimentos nutritivos, seguros e acessíveis em pré-escolas, escolas, outras instituições públicas e locais de trabalho;
• Explorar instrumentos regulatórios e voluntários (por exemplo, regulamentos de comercialização e políticas de rotulagem nutricional) e incentivos ou impostos e subsídios, por exemplo, para promover uma alimentação saudável; e
• Incentivar serviços de alimentos transnacionais, nacionais e locais e restaurantes para melhorar a qualidade nutricional de seus alimentos – garantindo a disponibilidade e acessibilidade de opções saudáveis – e analisar o tamanho das porções e os preços.
Incentivar a demanda do consumidor por alimentos e refeições saudáveis:
• Promovendo a conscientização dos consumidores sobre uma alimentação saudável;
• Desenvolvendo políticas e programas escolares que incentivem as crianças a adotar e manter uma dieta saudável;
• Educando crianças, adolescentes e adultos sobre nutrição e práticas alimentares saudáveis;
• Encorajar habilidades culinárias, mesmo entre crianças, no ambiente escolar;
• Prestar apoio para informações nos pontos de venda, em particular por meio de uma rotulagem nutricional que garanta informações precisas, padronizadas e compreensíveis sobre os teores de nutrientes nos alimentos (em consonância com as diretrizes da Comissão do Codex Alimentarius), com a adição de rótulos frontais para facilitar a compreensão do consumidor; e
• Oferecendo aconselhamento nutricional e dietético em unidades básicas de saúde.
Promover práticas adequadas de alimentação para bebês e crianças pequenas:
• Implementando o Código Internacional de Comercialização de Substitutos do Leite Materno e subsequentes resoluções relevantes da Assembleia Mundial da Saúde;
• Implementando políticas e práticas para promover a proteção das mães trabalhadoras; e
• Promovendo, protegendo e apoiando o aleitamento materno nos serviços de saúde e nas comunidades, inclusive por meio da Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança (Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative).
Translation - English How to promote a healthy diet
Diets evolve over time, being influenced and under the influence of diverse social and economic factors that interact in complex ways to shape the individual dietary standards. Those factors include income, food prices (which will affect access to healthy foods), individual preferences and beliefs, cultural traditions and geographical and environmental factors (including climate change). Therefore, promoting a healthy food environment- with food systems that promote a diversified and balanced diet- requires the involvement of multiple sectors and interested parties, including governments and public and private sectors.
Governments have a central role in the creation of a healthy food environment that allows people to adopt and maintain healthy practices. Concrete actions political decisonmakers can take in order to create a healthy food environment include:
Creating consistency in national policies and investment programs-including commercial, food, and agricultural policies- in order to promote healthy nutrition and protect public health through:
Increased incentives for producers and retailers to cultivate, use and sell fruits and fresh vegetables;
Reduction of incentives for the food industry to continue or to increase the production of processed foods that contain high levels of saturated fats, trans fats, free sugars and salt/sodium;
Encouraging the reformulation of food products in order to reduce saturated fats, trans fats, free sugars and salt/sodium, with the objective of eliminating the trans fats produced industrially;
Implementing the recomendations of the World Health Organization over the marketing of foods and non-alcoholic drinks to children.
Establishing standards for promoting healthy food practices, assuring the availability of nutritive, safe and accessible foods in pre-schools, schools, other public institutions and work locations;
Exploring regulatory and voluntary instruments (for example, commerical and policy regulations of nutritional labels) and incentives or taxes and subsidies, for example, in order to promote a healthy diet; and
Encouraging transnacional, nacional and local food services and restaurants in order to better the nutritional quality of their foods- guaranteeing the availability and accessibility of healthy options- and analyzing the size of portions and the prices.
Encouraging the demand of the consumer for foods and healthy meals:
Promoting the awareness of the consumers about a healthy diet;
Developing political and educational programs that encourage children to adopt and maintain a healthy diet.
Educating children, adolescents and adults about nutrition and healthy food habits;
Encouraging culinary skills, even among children, in the educational environment;
Providing support for information in points of sale, in particular through a nutritional label that guarantees precise, standarized and comprehensible information about the contents of the nutrients in the ingredients (in agreement with the directors of the Commission of Codex Alimentarius), with the addition of frontal labels in order to help the consumer understand; and
Offering nutritional and diet advice in basic health units.
Promoting adequate food practices for babies and small children.
Implementing the International Code of Commercialization of Maternal Milk Substitutes and subsequent relevant resolutions of the World Health Assembly;
Implementing policies and practices in order to promote the protection of the working mothers; and
Promoting, protecting and supporting maternal breast-feeding in health services and in the community, including through the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative.
Portuguese to English: Poemas de Braúlio Bessa General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Poetry & Literature
Source text - Portuguese Até quando o Brasil vai suportar ver seu povo carente de saber, tanta gente sem ler, sem escrever, sem escola decente pra estudar,
pois até a merenda escolar alimenta a tal corrupção.
Num lugar em que tudo dá no chão
na escola deveria ter fartura.
Um país desnutrido de leitura
só se salva comendo educação.
Se o Brasil começasse a dar valor
a quem nunca se sentiu valorizado
invertendo o que ganha um deputado
pela esmola que ganha um professor.
pode até me chamar de sonhador
por sonhar que um dia
essa nação passará por uma transformação
e os livros serão a nossa cura.
Um país desnutrido de leitura
só se salva comendo educação.
Sobra tanta coragem pra lutar,
o que falta é oportunidade.
Sobra o sonho de entrar na faculdade
pela falta do dinheiro pra pagar.
Falta tudo pra quem vê tudo faltar,
sobra tudo pra quem tem tudo na mão.
Só não falta em tempo de eleição
blá-blá-blá, lenga-lenga e muita jura blah,
Um país desnutrido de leitura
só se salva comendo educação.
A caneta é capaz de transformar
e mudar o destino de um povo.
Quem viveu só comendo o puro ovo
pode um dia provar do caviar.
Já vi gente que, por ter como estudar,
se mudou do barraco pra mansão.
Batalhando com total dedicação
conseguiu ter a vida menos dura.
Um país desnutrido de leitura
só se salva comendo educação.
Esse povo que tem tanto pra dar
não recebe o que tem pra receber.
Não consigo aceitar ou entender,
ninguém venha querer me explicar.
Eu não posso e nem vou me conformar
com a cruz que carrega o cidadão
pelo peso dessa desinformação
castigado pela falta de cultura.
Um país desnutrido de leitura
só se salva comendo educação.
A nação que investe em sua gente
nunca tem desperdício ou prejuízo.
Observo atento e analiso:
só se muda agindo diferente.
O poder de um povo está na mente,
é a chave que abre essa prisão,
é a luz que aponta a direção
pra seguir por qualquer estrada escura.
Um país desnutrido de leitura
só se salva comendo educação.
Translation - English For how much longer can Brazil bear to see its people’s lack of knowledge, so many people without the ability
to read, to write, no decent schools where to study
because even the school lunch feeds said corruption.
In a place where everything grows from the ground
In school there should be abundance.
A country starved of reading
only saves itself by devouring education.
If Brazil started to value
those who never felt valued
exchanging the earnings of a politician for
the meagre earnings of a teacher.
they could even call me a dreamer
for dreaming that one day
this nation will be transformed
and books will be our cure.
A country starved of reading
only saves itself by devouring education
So much courage left over to fight,
what lacks is opportunity.
So many dreams of going to college
but no not enough money to pay for it.
Everything is missing for those who see everything lacking.
everything abounds for those who have it all in their hands.
Only there’s never too little at election time
blah, blah, empty talk and false promises,
A country starved of reading
only saves itself by devouring education.
The pen is capable of transforming
and changing peoples’ destinies.
Whoever lived only eating eggs
can one day try caviar.
I have seen people who because they have studied,
moved from a shack to a mansion.
Fighting relentlessly with complete dedication
they managed to live a less difficult life.
A country starved of reading
only saves itself by devouring education.
Those people have so much to give
they don’t receive what they should receive
I can’t accept or understand,
no one wants to explain it to me.
I can’t nor am I going to accept it
with the cross that the citizens carry
by the weight of this misinformation
punished because of the lack of culture.
A country starved of reading
only saves itself by devouring education.
A nation that invests in its people
never has waste or loss.
I watch attentively and analyze:
just changes acting differently
The power of the people lies in the mind,
it’s the key that opens that prison,
it’s the light that guides the way
to follow through any dark path.
A country starved of reading
only saves itself by devouring education.
Portuguese to English: Lenora General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Poetry & Literature
Source text - Portuguese Rio Vermelho
FLORIANÓPOLIS – ANO DE 1969
– Bicho, te juro, nesse estranho mundo em que vivemos, eu descobri que o homem sonha o que realmente é, até o momento do despertar!
Peninha caminhava pelas dunas da praia de Moçambique, no Rio Vermelho, como se atravessasse nuvens de pura luminosidade declamando suas “verdades. Descalço, macacão de jeans, cabelo no meio das costas, colares de contas sobre o peito.
– Os ricos sonham inseridos no universo de sua riqueza, que sempre lhes traz tanta preocpação, os pobres sonham que superaram a miseria, resumindo: nesse nosso mundo, todos sonham ser aquilo que realmente são. E eu, sonho que estou aqui, caminhando sobre as areias, cercado por vocês, as meninas mais lindas do universo!
Como sempre acontecia, “as garotas mais lindas do universo” nos esqueciam para segui-lo, completamente encantadas pelo som insinuante da voz e das frases que Peninha passava horas decorando, para depois soltá-las ao vento, como se fossem suas pérolas de sabe do ria.
– Quem é que ele está plagiando agora? – perguntei ao Ian, queria baixinho.
– Até agora ele está citando A vida é um sonho, do Calderón de la Barca, mas, daqui a pouco, ele emenda com um pouco de Chuang Tzu, saca, irmão.
Peninha agora molhava os pés no mar, sob o céu estrelado, luar intenso, cercado pelas gartas que riam, sus piravam e imitavam seus ges tos.
– Certo dia – disse o mestre – sonhei que era uma borboleta e, quando despertei, tomado pela leveza do voo, perguntei: será que eu realmente acordei ou serei uma borbo leta sonhando que era um humano?
– Bicho, dito e feito! Eu sabia que ele ia usar a fórmula fatal. Calderón e taoísmo! Nunca falha. Daqui a pouco, as quatro estarão brigando por ele.
– Próximo passo? – eu disse a Ian.
– O nosso?
– Como assim?
– As meninas já nos largaram mesmo, nós vamos ficar aqui, comendo mosca, ou dá pra gente partir pra outra? Quando eu penso naquela ceia que passmos o dia inteiro preparando....
– Será que elas voltam pra jantar?
– Você sabe que quando o Peninha acerta a mão é irreversível...
– Mas não vai sobrar nenhuma?
– Nunca sobra, não é mesmo?
Ian deu risadas, suspirou e fez um gesto para que eu o acompanhasse. Ri também e atravessei as dunas, depois a pequena floresta, a caminho da ponte que levava até a casa onde ficávamos.
Na mesa, peru, sala da, arroz, batatas, refrigerantes e vinho aguardavam a festa que eu supunha nunca iria começar. No canto da sala, ao lado das almofadas espalhadas pelo chão, o violão de Peninha.
– E aí, cara, vamos comer?
– E a nossa festa?
– Imagina! O Peninha vai sumir com todas as garotas. Aposto que ele vai pegar o jipe e levá-las pra cidade com uma desculpa qualquer.
Ian deu risadas outra vez. Deitou-se na rede e pediu que eu pusesse um disco do Jimmy.
– Bicho, com o devido respeito, não estou a fim de ouvir Hendrix agora. Você não quer esco lher outra coisa? – eu lhe pedi.
Ian estendeu a mão para a caixa de discos, mas, como sempre acontecia naquele tempo, a luz apagou. Havia poucas casas na região do Rio Vermelho e panes de electricidade eram comuns.
– Duda, acenda aí as velas que colocamos de enfeite na mesa.
Obedeci. Ian apanhou o violão e começou a dedilhar uma canção medieval. Fechei os olhos, sentindo o perfume das velas, o cheiro do mar, o cansaço do dia, pegando ondas na praia, batendo forte.
– Nossa, essa música é poderosa... você devia tocar para as meninas. Quem sabe assim elas param de ouvir a conversa fiada do Peninha e ficam um pouco pro lado da gente.
– Essa música não é pra todo mundo. Ela foi composta como uma invocação de entidades, ela pertenece a um ritual mágico.
– Como assim?
– Um ritual para evocar as criaturas do mar da Irlanda. – Criaturas do tipo sereia? Estou gostando...
– Não, Duda, as criaturas de poder...
– E você acredita nessas coisas?
– Não eram os deuses astronautas? Eu acredito que tudo pode acontecer. Mente aberta, bicho!
– Mas o nosso mar é tropical. A gente tá muito longe da Irlanda, nunca vai aparcer criatura nenhuma.
– Não vai mesmo...
– Ainda bem, bicho, eu já estava começando a ficar com um pouco de medo.
– Mas elas podem nos ouvir.
– Cala a boca, bicho, me deu um arrepio.
Ian soltou uma risa da gutural, diferente de sua garglhada normal. Ouvimos o barulho de fogos de artifício.
– É meia-noite?
– Em ponto....
Levantei. Estendi a mão para Ian. Ele parou de tocar para me cumprimen tar...
– Feliz Ano-novo!
– Que 1970 te traga muita sorte!
– Tenho certeza de que esse ano mudará nossas vidas... – Por quê?
– Porque as criaturas estão nos ouvindo...
– Ian, para com isso, cara, você bebeu?
– A cada ano, existe um momento de grande poder... – Ian, você tá virando o Peninha, por acaso? Para com essas coisas, bicho!
– Duda, você nunca parou para pensar porque as pessoas fazem desejos à meia-noite da virada do ano?
– Sei lá... não são esses costumes, que passam de uma pessoa pra outra, e a gente até esquece como foi que começou? – É isso mesmo. Na verdade, o Ano-novo foi marcado nessa data por que se trata de uma noite de grande poder sobrenatural. Tudo que você pedir terá grande chance de realizar-se.
– De onde vem essa ideia?
– Preste atenção...
Ian voltou a tocar a mesma melodia estranha e começou a cantar, num inglês arcaico, que eu não compreendia muito bem. Ele repetia uma espécie de refrão, que me hipnotizava, e eu senti muito sono. Recostei-me nas almofadas e fechei os olhos por um segundo. Mas foi o suficiente para que eu tivesse uma espécie de delírio. Numa fração de segundo, foi como se meu corpo físico ficasse preso à almofada, enquanto um outro corpo meu, todo transparente, translúcido, transcendental, sobrevoasse a sala observando do alto tudo que acontecia. Quando abri os olhos, senti como se tivesse levado um tombo, minhas costas ardiam e eu parecia mais cansado do que antes de adormecer.
– O que está acontecendo, Ian? Tive um sonho tão psicodélico!
– Você não sonhou, só viajou um pouquinho...
Ian sorriu e continuou a cantrolar naquele inglês, como se estivesse repetindo um encantamento hipnótico. Meu corpo novamente pesou e ele voltou a insistir:
– Esta é uma noite de grande poder. A próxima década irá mudar o mundo. Depois dos anos 70, nunca mais a humanidade pensará da maneira como pensa agora. Vejo isso com toda clareza.
– Ian, eu, se fosse você, largava esse violão. Você está dizendo muita bobagem...
– Veja a cidade de Florianópolis, por exemplo... – O que tem Floripa?
– Até agora, recebe poucos turistas, existem muitos lugares secretos, espaços de força oculta, como as dunas dessa praia... – Ian, não estou te reconhecendo. Volto a repetir, se essa conversa viesse da boca do Peninha, vá lá, mas você sempre foi o mais lúcido da turma. Não estou entendendo nada.
– No futuro, Floripa será um lugar muito frequentado por jovens, pessoas deixarão suas cidades para vir morar aqui, perto das praias e das dunas.
– De onde você tirou isso?
– De minha visão.
– Que visão, bicho, tá variando?
– Esse foi meu desejo. Pedi para ver um pedacinho do futuro. Então tive essa visão. As criaturas do mar nunca falharam comigo.
– Quer dizer que você já andou mexendo com essas coisas antes.
– Lógico. Está no sangue. Onde já se viu um irlandês que nunca ouviu falar de elfo, banshee, sereia, gnomo, duende etc. etc. etc. Minha avó sempre cantava assim e depois me punha no colo, no final do ano, pedindo pra que eu contasse meus desejos mais secretos e impossíveis por que assim eles se realizariam.
Suspirei aliviado.
Na certa, aquilo era uma estratégia familiar para obrigar criança a dizer sempre a verdade, a nunca esconder nada de adulto. E se o Ian estava imitando a avó, então não havia de ser tão ruim... A não ser que uma avó irlandesa seja bem diferente de uma avó italiana, como a minha.
– Ande, faça o seu desejo.
– Ah, é bobagem...
– Não é não!
Ian voltou a tocar e meu corpo voltou a soltar-se, e mais uma vez tive a impressão forte de estar flutuando... – Eu desejo a fama, muitas mulheres, muito dinheiro... Abri os olhos assim que terminei de dizer essa frase. Nunca entendi por que eu disse aquelas palavras. Talvez tenha sido o ciúme repentino do sucesso de Peninha. Ou vontade de ter quatro garotas me seguindo por toda a praia. Não sei. Só sei que pensava que podia dizer uma coisa dessas, proferir um desejo em voz alta e esquecer tudo na manhã seguinte. Ian olhou para mim e sorriu largamente.
– Eu sabia que você faria um desejo desses.
– E você?
– Eu?
– O que você mais deseja no mundo? Não venha me dizer que não liga pra fama, mulheres, dinheiro...
– Não ligo não. Aliás, não ligo nem um pouco. Eu só desejo paz e o maior amor do mundo. Se bem que, às vezes, eu acho que o amor não traz paz, só tormento...
– A paixão traz tormento, o amor é paz.
– E será que existe diferença entre uma coisa e outra? – Claro que existe!
– E o que você prefere?
– Entre o amor e a paixão? Eu quero tudo! Eu quero a perdição! Eu quero esquecer o meu nome, tudo o que eu tenho, eu quero encontrar uma pessoa que me faça morrer.
– Ian, bicho, você tá louco. Pra que isso?
– Porque só assim eu farei a música mais poderosa do universo.
Eu ia dizer para o Ian negar esse desejo maluco. Ao mesmo tempo que eu achava que tudo aquilo era só uma brincadeira idiota na beira da praia, no meio da noite de fim de ano, eu sentia que algo de muito diferente acontecia naquele minuto. Seria o arrepio na espinha? A impressão de voar? A sensação de uma presença invisível ao meu lado?
Eu ia pedir pro Ian tocar algo mais alegre. Uma canção de esperança, uma melodia que tornasse mais leve o ar denso que nos cercava, quando a porta se abriu, escancarada, e Peninha entrou, cercado pelas quatro amigas.
– E aí, pessoal! Vocês já comeram toda a ceia ou sobrou um pouco pra gente também?
Translation - English Rio Vermelho
Florianópolis-The Year of 1969-
Man, I swear to you, in this strange world we live in, I discovered men dream about who they really are not until they have an awakening.
Peninha was walking through the dunes on the beach in Mozambique along the Rio Vermelho beach as if he were crossing pure, luminous clouds who spoke his “truths”. He was barefoot, with denim overalls, hair down to his back, and beaded necklaces across his chest.
“The rich dream about keeping their place in their world of riches which has always kept them preoccupied. The destitute dream about overcoming misery. In this world of ours, everyone dreams to be that person they truly are. I dream about being here, walking on the sand, surrounded by you girls, the most beautiful girls in the world!”
Like what always happened, “the most beautiful girls in the universe” forgot us as they followed Peninha, completely mesmerized by the alluding sound of his voice and the verses he spent hours memorizing and afterwards tossing them in the wind as if they were pearls of wisdom.
“Who is he lying to now?” I asked Ian who was laughing under his breath.
Until now, he has been quoting, “Life is a dream”, from Calderón de la Barca but in a little bit, he will switch it up with a bit of Chuang Tzu. Get it, brother?
Now Peninha wetted his feet in the ocean, underneath the starry sky and intense moonlight, surrounded by girls who laughed, sighed, and imitated his gestures.
“One day” said the master, “I dreamt I was a butterfly and when I woke up, I was consumed by the lightness of flight.” I asked myself: “Did I really wake up or will I be a butterfly dreaming I was human?”
“Dude, said and done! I knew that he was going to use a fatal formula. Calderón combined with Taoism. It never failed. In a little bit, those four would be fighting for him.
“What’s the next step?” I said to Ian.
“Ours? What do you mean?”
“The girls have already left us. Are we going to stay here or can we go somewhere else. When I think about that dinner, we spent the entire day preparing….”
Could they come back to eat?
You know when Peninha does something good, it’s irreplaceable.
“So, no one can top it?”
“It will never be good enough, right?”
Ian laughed, inhaled and gestured for me to come over. I also laughed and crossed over the dunes. Afterwards to the small forest, I made my way to the bridge over to the house where we stayed.
On the table, there was turkey, salad, rice, potatoes, sodas, and wine. They were looking forward to the party that I figured never was going to happen. In the corner of the room, next to the pillows scattered all over the floor, laid Peninha’s guitar.
“Hey, friend, what are we going to eat?”
“And what about our party!”
“Think about it! Peninha was going to get together with all the girls. I was guessing he was going to take his Jeep and bring them into town with any excuse he could think of.
Ian laughed again. He laid down in the hammock and asked me to play one of Jimmy’s records.
“Dude, with all due respect, I am done listening now to Hendrix. Do you want to pick another one?” I asked him.
Ian reached his hand into the box of records but the lights went out like always. There were just a few homes in the region of Rio Vermelho and the electricity outages were common.
“Duda, lit the candles that we put on the table as decorations.”
I did as he asked. Ian picked up the guitar and started to strum a medieval song. I closed my eyes, sensing the aroma of the candles, the smell of the ocean, the weariness of the day, as the strong waves beat against the beach.
“Oh My God. This music is powerful. You should play it for the girls. Who knows, maybe they will stop listening to Peninha’s small talk and come over to our side.”
“This music isn’t for everybody. It was composed to invoke other worldly beings. It belongs to a magic ritual. “
“How so?”
“It’s a ritual for evoking sea creatures from Ireland.”
“Creatures like the mermaid type? I am digging this.”
“No, Duda, powerful creatures.”
“You believe in these things?”
“ believe that anything is possible. Open your mind, man!”
“But our sea is tropical. We are very far from Ireland and no creature will ever appear.
“It really won’t.”
“Just as well, man, I'm already getting scared.”
“They can hear us.”
“Be quiet, man. You gave me the chills. “
Ian let out a belly laugh, different from his normal laugh. We heard noises from the fireworks.
“Is it midnight?”
“Right on time.”
I got up. I reached my hand out to Ian. He stopped playing to greet me.
“Happy New Year!” `
“I hope 1970 brings you a lot of success!”
“I’m sure this year will change our lives.”
“Why?”
“Because the creatures are listening to us.”
“Ian, stop that, man. Have you been drinking?”
“Every year we experience a powerful moment.”
‘’Ian, are you becoming like Peninha, perhaps? Stop it, man!”
‘’Duda, you never stopped to think why people make resolutions at midnight on New Year’s Eve?’’
‘’I don’t know…these aren’t traditions that are passed on from one person to another and we even forget how it started?”
“That’s it. In reality, the New Year is celebrated on this date because it has enormous supernatural powers. Everything that you ask for most likely will happen.”
“How did you find this out?”
“Pay attention.”
Ian started to play the same, strange melody and started to sing in an archaic Irish that I didn’t understand very well. He repeated a kind of musical phrase that hypnotized me and I began to feel sleepy. I leaned back on the pillows and closed my eyes for a second. It was long enough to feel as if I were in a state of delirium. In a fraction of a second, it was as if my physical body became a prisoner to the pillow while my other body in its entire transcendental, translucent and transparent state flew above the room, observing from high above what was happening. When I opened my eyes, I felt as if I had been raised from a grave. My back was burning and I seemed more tired than before I fell asleep. –
“What’s happening, Ian? I had a psychedelic dream!”
“You didn’t dream. You just traveled a bit.”
Ian smiled and kept singing the refrain as if he were repeating a hypnotizing spell. Again, my body felt heavy and he kept insisting:
“This night is powerful. The next decade will change the world. After the 70’s, humanity will not think the same way that they think now. I see this clearly now.”
“Ian, if I were you, stay away from this guitar. You are talking a lot of nonsense.”
“For example, look at the city of Florianópolis.
“What does Floripa have?”
“Until now, it didn’t get many tourists and there existed secret hidden places of power like the dunes.”
“Ian, I don’t recognize you. I am going to say again. If this conversation were to come from Peninha’s mouth, I can see why you don’t understand, but you were always the smartest in the bunch. I am not getting anything.”
“In the future, Floripa will be a very busy place for the younger generation and people will leave their cities to come and live here close to the beaches and dunes.
“Where did you get this information?”
“I envisioned it.”
“What vision? Man, are you hallucinating?”
“This was my wish. I asked for a piece of the future. So, I had a vision. These sea creatures never failed me.”
“Are you saying you have already encountered these things before?”
“It’s logical. It’s in our blood. Where have we ever seen an Irish person who hasn’t heard of an elf, banshee, mermaid, gnome, pixie, etc. My grandmother always sang in a certain way and at the end of every year, she placed me on her lap and asked me to tell her my most unimaginable, secret wishes because just like that they would come true.”
I breathed a sigh of relief.
For sure, that was a familiar strategy to force a child to always tell the truth and never hide something from an adult. If Ian was imitating his grandmother, then it wouldn’t be so bad. Unless his Irish grandmother were much different than an Italian grandmother like mine.
“Well, make your wish.”
“Ah, what nonsense.”
“No, it’s not!”
Ian whispered the same song and once more I had the feeling I was floating.
“I want fame, lots of women, and lots of money.”
I opened my eyes when I finished saying that. I never understood why I said those words. Perhaps, it was my constant jealousy of Peninha’s success or my desire to have four women following me all over the beach. I don’t know. I only knew that I thought I could say something like that by uttering a wish out loud and forget about it the next day.
Ian looked at me with a huge smile.
“I knew that you would want things like that.”
“And you?”
“Me?”
“What do you want the most in this world? Don’t tell me that you don’t care about fame, women, and money.”
“I don’t care, no. By the way, I don’t care at all. I just want peace and the greatest love in the world. Although, sometimes I think love doesn’t bring peace but only torture.”
“Passion brings torture and love brings peace.”
“Maybe there’s a difference between one another?”
“I am sure there is!”
“What do you prefer?”
“Between love and passion? I want everything! I want oblivion! I want to forget my name and everything I have. I want to find a person that will be the cause of my death.
“Ian, man, you are crazy. Stop this.”
Because I am like that, I will play the most powerful music in the universe.”
I was going to tell Ian to reject this crazy wish. At the same time, I was thinking that everything was just an idiotic joke. At the end of the year, in the middle of the night, I felt something different was taking place at that very moment. Was it a chill up my spine? A feeling of flying? Feeling the presence of an invisible being next to me?
I was going to ask Ian to play something more pleasant. I was going to ask Ian to play a song about hope with a melody that would lighten the dense air that surrounded us when Peninha walked in, with the door wide-open, surrounded by four girls.
“Hey guys! Did you already eat the whole dinner or did you save a little for us too?”
Spanish to English: The Star and The Shadow General field: Art/Literary
Source text - Spanish Te saludo, visitante, así es, los que vienen aquí son visitantes… Y también hay alguien para recibirlos. La duda más directa que puedes expresar sería «¿Qué estoy visitando?», además de «¿Quién me está recibiendo?». Son preguntas razonables, cálmate, su naturaleza se irá aclarando cuanto más avances en este viaje. Para darte una guía inicial, vas a conocer dos almas… En cuanto a mí… Seré tu narradora, y la juez que expondrá la verdad muda de cuanto experimentes en ellas.
Empezaremos con la estrella de la mañana, el sol ilumina un día más y obsequia a la humanidad con su brillo. Entre los infinitos haces de luz hay uno en especial que nos servirá de foco hoy. Este entra por una ventana cerrada sin verse bloqueado por ninguna cortina, la habitación es… conflictiva, las paredes tienen un blanco muy limpio, el suelo es de una madera de color vivaz… Se puede notar que quien vive aquí dedica tiempo a la limpieza, pero también se pueden ver en la pared varios posters colgados sin ninguna simetría ni temática clara, hay algunos de música y cantantes, otros de películas variadas como Titanic y El señor de los anillos. También hay varios animes y videojuegos.
Hay una amplia mesa, con tres pantallas para el ordenador, a sus lados, en la pared, se pueden encontrar estantes que contienen colecciones de mangas y libros, pero las colecciones no están en orden, siguiendo una fila puedes encontrar un volumen de Berserk entre los capítulos de Frieren, o un capítulo de Oshi no ko usado como marcapáginas para El yo y el ello de Freud. En esta habitación también hay una cama, pequeña, solo para una persona, pero bastante colorida, alrededor hay peluches de diversa temática… En esta cama se encuentra descansando una chica de pelo largo y liso, de un rubio brillante.
El despertador sonó sin previo aviso, María llevó su brazo a los ojos soltando un suspiro, la universidad le exigía levantarse temprano la mayoría de los días, pero aun así era incapaz de acostumbrarse al ritmo, tomó su móvil para apagar la alarma, al ver la hora pensó: «En verdad puedo estar en la cama unos minutos más», así que la pospuso unos cinco minutos y siguió acostada meditando sobre lo que debía hacer al levantarse.
MARÍA: Vale… Tengo el armario enfrente de la cama… Llevaré algo mono para hoy… Hoy siento que me pega un color azul… Tengo que ducharme… Peinarme… Desayunar… Estaría bien unas tostadas de aceite y tomate por encima… Con un poco de atún. Y un vaso de leche con cacao… sí… Esa es una mezcla estupenda… No se me debe olvidar cepillarme los dientes… Espera, ¿aún no han pasado cinco minutos?
María volvió a tomar su móvil comprobando que en realidad lo que había hecho antes era quitar la alarma y habían pasado treinta y cinco minutos. Saltó de la cama agobiada por el pensamiento de llegar tarde, abrió el armario tomando lo primero que vio, corrió a ducharse y terminó en tiempo récord, cuando empezó a vestirse se dio cuenta de que todavía tenía champú en el pelo y frustrada volvió a la ducha unos segundos más. Al terminar se vistió, se miró en el espejo durante unos segundos, apuntó a su reflejo dándole a su mano una forma de pistola, cerrando el ojo para mayor precisión, e hizo un «Bang». Rápidamente fue a la nevera, sacó un brik de leche de almendras, se puso un poco en un vaso para seguidamente beberlo de un trago, se cepilló los dientes, agarró su mochila y corrió hasta el metro, una vez dentro se mantuvo de pie y agotada por la carrera, vio la hora en su reloj inteligente. Era justo el comienzo de la clase, empezó a controlar su respiración.
MARÍA: Aspira… Expira… Tranquila… Solo unos pocos minutos tarde… Ahora mismo el señor Hernández está pasando lista, pero tú tranquila… Por supuesto que le molestará que llegues tarde, pero tú tranquila… ¿De verdad cuesta tanto inventar la teletransportación? En los ochenta pensaban que por esta época tendríamos
El metro llegó a la facultad y María corrió hasta el aula, los nervios hicieron que no se midiera a la hora de abrir la puerta y cuando lo hizo golpeó la pared llamando la atención de toda la clase. El profesor Hernández le dirigió unas palabras mientras se mantenía paralizada por la vergüenza:
HERNÁNDEZ: Señorita Rein, gran entrada, aunque me causaría mejor impresión si llegara a su hora.
MARÍA: Lo siento, señor, he tenido… Complicaciones por el camino.
HERNÁNDEZ: O sea, te has quedado dormida, ¿verdad? Todavía tengo mis días de estudiante presentes, María, esa es la típica excusa de almohada demasiado pesada. Ya que te levantaste hace poco voy a intentar espabilarte, tus compañeros y yo estábamos hablando de la teoría del apego, ¿puedes contarnos algo sobre eso?
MARÍA: Ahh… Pues… Es una teoría que habla de la necesidad de una figura adulta en el crecimiento de un infante para su correcto desarrollo emocional y social.
HERNÁNDEZ: No está mal la salvada, solo por eso te perdono la falta, apaga tu ansiedad social, ya dejo de ponerte en el centro de atención por ahora.
María tomó asiento aliviada y habló para sí misma.
MARÍA: No ha salido tan mal… Esperaba que estuviera enfadado conmigo, pero olvido que el señor Hernández es bastante comprensivo… Aun así ha sido un poco borde hacerme una pregunta delante de toda la clase nada más llegar, me habría muerto de vergüenza si no llego a saberla… Menos mal que le eché un ojo a esa parte por la tarde.
Algo llamó la atención de María y giró la cabeza, encontró a una compañera suya mirándola fijamente. Pelo corto, de un negro total, y ojos castaños, era obvio que esa chica sabía que la habían descubierto, sin embargo, ni siquiera hizo finta de apartar la mirada, las dos se estaban mirando fijamente a los ojos… A los pocos segundos María apartó la vista e intentó centrarse en la clase… Pero al rato volvió a girarse hacia ella y la chica seguía mirándola, parecía indiferente ante la situación, al rato, tranquilamente dejó de mirar a María y se centró en el profesor.
MARÍA: Elena Néstor… esa chica es un misterio… Me fijo en ella de vez en cuando, siempre me parece contemplativa, como si estuviera analizando y haciendo balances sobre todo… Este es el primer año que la veo, quizá venga de otra ciudad, creo que todavía no ha hecho muchos amigos… Las personas que se sientan cerca de ella han intentado ser comunicativas, pero dicen que habla de una forma muy extraña y críptica, que es difícil de tratar… Hay gente que dedica la vida a los estudios y no le da importancia a su vida social, pero no parece que sea su caso… Es más bien como si tuviera un objetivo que cumplir, una respuesta a una pregunta o encontrar un sentido… Y no le dé importancia a lo demás.
De forma muy relajada Elena le devolvió la mirada una vez más y María rápidamente la apartó por timidez.
MARÍA: Se supone que esta es la reacción normal cuando una persona desconocida te pilla mirándola… te preocupa lo que ella pueda pensar, y el impulso inmediato lo despierta el miedo, que instintivamente toma una postura defensiva… Pero a ella no le importó nada… Es como si sus ojos te juzgaran el alma… Y no hubiera nada desconocido para ellos… Lo único que hace es mirar… Pero hace que te sientas muy vulnerable.
Translation - English I greet you, visitor, that’s how it is. Those that come here are visitors..And there’s also someone to receive them. The most direct doubt you can express would be “Who am I visiting? In addition to, “Who is greeting me?” These are reasonable questions. Stay calm. Their nature will become clearer the further you go along this journey. To give you a beginner’s guide, you are going to meet two souls…As for me..I will be your narrator, the judge who will reveal the silent truth of everything you experience in them.
We are going to start with the morning star, the sun illuminates one more day and gifts humanity with its brilliance. Among the infinite beams of light. There is one in particular that will be useful for us as spotlight for today. This comes in through a shut window without being blocked by any curtain. The room..is conflicting, the walls have a very clean white, and the ground is a brightly colored wood color. You can see the one who lives here takes their time for cleaning, but you can also see on the wall various posters hung without any symmetry or clear theme. There are some with musicians, singers, others from different movies like Titanic and the Lord of the Rings. Also, there are various anime and videogames.
There is a wide table with three screens for the computer. On each side of the wall are bookshelves that contain collections of manga and books, but the collections aren’t in order. Going down the line, you can find a volume of Berserk among the chapters of Frieren, or a chapter from Oshi no ko, which is used as a bookmark for The Ego and the ID by Freud. In this room, there is also a small bed, just for one person, but quite colorful, surrounded with different-themed teddy bears. In this bed, there is a girl with long, straight, and bright blonde hair resting.
The alarm went off without warning. María raised her arm to her eyes letting out a sigh. The university demanded her to get up early most of the days, but even so, she was incapable of getting into a rhythm. She grabbed her phone to shut off the alarm when she saw the time and thought: “Actually, I can stay in bed a few more minutes” So, she postponed it for five minutes, and she continued lying down, meditating over what she should do when she wakes up.
María: Okay…I have the closet in front of the bed..I will bring something cute for today…Today I feel like a blue color suits me…I have to shower…Brush my hair…Eat breakfast…Some toast with olive oil and tomato on top would be nice…With a little bit of tuna. And a glass of milk…Yes…That is an awesome mix..I can’t forget to brush my teeth…Wait, it still hasn’t been five minutes?
María picked up her phone again, realizing that actually, what she had done before was turn off the alarm, and thirty-five minutes had gone by. She jumped out of bed overwhelmed by the thought of arriving late. She opened up the closest, taking out the first thing she saw. She ran to take a shower and finished in record time. When she began to get dressed, she realized that she still had shampoo in her hair, and frustrated, she went back to shower again for a few more seconds. As she finished getting dressed, she looked at herself in the mirror for a few seconds, she pointed at her reflection, forming her hand in the shape of a pistol, closing the eye for greater precision, and did a “Bang.” Quickly, she went to the freezer, took out a carton of almond milk, and poured a little bit in a glass to drink it right away in one gulp. She brushed her teeth, grabbed her backpack, and ran towards the metro. Once inside, she kept herself standing, and exhausted from the race, she saw the time on her smart watch. It was just the beginning of class. She started to control her breathing.
María: Breath in…Breathe out.. Calm down…Only a few minutes late…Right now, Mr. Hernandez is going through roll-call, but you are calm…Of course, it will bother him that you came late, but you are calm…Okay, is it really that hard to invent teleportation? In the 80’s, they thought that we would have flying cars and hydrated pizzas by now. Why did you let me down, humanity?
The metro arrived to the campus, and María ran to the classroom. Her nerves caused her to be careless as she opened the door, and when she did, she hit the wall, drawing the attention of all the classmates. Professor Hernández addressed her while she stayed paralyzed by embarrassment.
Hernandez: Miss Rein, grand entrance, although you would have given me a better impression if you had arrived on time.
María: I am sorry, sir, I have had…complications on the way.
Hernandez: So, you fell asleep, right? I still have my student days close to the heart. María, that is the typical excuse of a pillowcase being too heavy. Since you got up just a bit ago, I am going to try to wake you up. Your classmates and I were talking about the attachment theory. Can you tell us something about this?
María: Ah..Well..It’s a theory that talks about the need for an adult figure in the raising of an infant for their proper emotional and social development.
Hernández: You saved yourself. Just for that, I forgive you for the mistake. Turn off your social anxiety. I will stop putting you on the spotlight for now.
María took her seat relieved and spoke to herself.
María: That didn’t turn out so bad…I was expecting him to be mad at me, but I forgot that Mr. Hernandez is very understanding…Even so, he has been a bit rude, asking me a question in front of the whole class as soon as I arrived. I would have died of embarrassment if I didn’t know it…Luckily, I took a look at that part in the afternoon.
Something called María’s attention, and she turned her head. She found a classmate staring at her. With short, all black hair and brown eyes, it was obvious that girl knew she had been discovered. Nevertheless, she didn’t even pretend to look away. The two were staring intently into each other’s eyes. Seconds later, María looked away and tried to focus on the class…But shortly she turned her head again towards her, and the girl kept looking at her. She seemed indifferent to the situation. After a while, she calmly stopped looking at María and concentrated on the teacher.
María: Elena Néstor…that girl is a mystery…I notice her sometimes. She always seems contemplative, as if she is analyzing and taking stock of everything…This is the first year I saw her. Perhaps, she comes from another city. I think she still doesn’t have many friends…The people who sit close to her have tried to communicate with her, but they say that she talks in a very strange and cryptic way. It’s difficult to deal with…There are people that dedicate their life to studies, and they don’t consider their social life important, but it doesn’t seem to be her case…It’s more like she has a goal to fulfill, an answer to a question, or to find a meaning…Without caring about others.
In a very relaxed manner, Elena looked at her one more time, and María quickly looked away out of shyness.
María: Supposedly, this is the normal reaction when an unknown person catches you looking at them…It worries you what they could be thinking and the immediate impulse wakes up fear that instinctively puts you in a defensive mode…But to her, nothing matters..It’s as if her eyes judge your soul….And there was nothing unknown to them…The only thing she does is look…But it makes you feel very vulnerable.
Portuguese to English: A Frightening Premonition General field: Art/Literary
Source text - Portuguese O céu achava-se claro e sereno, sem uma única nuvem. O Sol refulgia e os pássaros chilreavam ao sabor das brisas do vento. O bairro afamado de Corniblaphia, repleto de casas, prédios, lojas e supermercados, podia regozijar-se com o estado de tempo agradável que se fazia sentir. Porém, o mesmo não se aplicava a Pennaten Mareridt, um jovem adolescente de dezasseis anos que em muito se diferenciava dos demais da sua idade. Era um rapazito alto, de cabelo e olhos castanhos, a cara recamada de sardas, orelhas pequenas e testa alta. Tinha gostos e aversões muito peculiares, nomeadamente a repulsa por tudo o que fosse informática. Frequentava a escola Rickleav, que constava sempre nas melhores posições dos rankings das escolas secundárias públicas.
A campainha acabara de soar. Ia começar a temida e deplorável aula de informática, da qual Pennaten fugia terminantemente. Detestava igualmente a professora, a Dra. Fredinalda Burri. Era uma mulher baixa e atarracada, de cabelo loiro grisalho e um nariz aquilino. Além dos óculos roxos e das verrugas, a sua voz grasnante exasperava qualquer um, e a forma altiva como falava fazia que os alunos a considerassem a “má da fita”. Não
Iniciava-se, então, a temida aula. E, ainda por cima, era dia de teste – teste de informática, o mais hediondo de todos!
- Sentem-se nos vossos lugares rapidamente! O teste vai começar agora. Vejam se os computadores estão todos em condições – anunciou a professora Fredinalda, uma voz tão ensurdecedora que os colegas de Pennaten encolheram os ombros de cobardia.
Fredinalda deu início à distribuição dos testes, enquanto os alunos se acomodavam nas respetivas cadeiras. Era teste de Excel, uma ferramenta que se encontrava muito longe do alcance de Pennaten. Encolhido na cadeira, fingia que examinava o enunciado. Todavia, para ele, os números e as fórmulas eram um idioma alienígena. No monitor, o cursor piscava, e, enquanto o rapaz mexia o rato de forma ilógica, não conseguia deixar de pensar na manhã apressada que tivera — a discussão com a mãe no carro, antes de o deixar na escola, e o insulto que lhe ficara preso como um espinho: estranho.
Translation - English The sky was clear and serene without a single cloud. The sun shone brightly and the birds chirped to the sound of the gentle breezes. The renowned town of Corniblaphia was complete with homes, buildings, stores, and supermarkets. Anyone would savor these pleasant weather conditions. However, this same sentiment didn’t apply to Pennaten Mareridt, a young man, 16 years old, who was strikingly different from others his age. He was a tall, little boy, brown eyes and brown hair, face covered in freckles, small ears, and a large forehead. He had very peculiar likes and dislikes, namely the aversion for all that was computer science. He attended Rickleay High School, one of the highest ranked schools amongst public high schools.
The bell had just rung. He was starting the dreadful and deplorable computer science class, the only one Pennaten hands down fled from. He equally despised his teacher, Mrs. Fredinalda Burri. She was a short and stocky woman with gray blonde hair and a crooked nose. Aside from her red glasses and wrinkles, her shrill voice annoyed everyone and the haughty way she spoke made the students consider her the “bad guy.” She was not the students’ favorite teacher.
So, the dreadful class began. And, on top of that, it was exam day-the computer science exam-the most hideous one of all!
“Quickly, get to your seats! The test begins now. You will see that the computers are all set.” Mrs. Fredinalda announced, a voice so deafening that Pennaten’s classmates cowered in fear.
Mrs. Fredinalda passed out the exams while the students took their seats. It was a test on Excel, a tool far from Pennaten’s grasp. Sitting shrunken in his chair, he pretended to read the prompt. For him, the numbers and formulas were still another foreign language. On the monitor, the cursor blinked while the boy fooled around with the mouse haphazardly. He couldn’t stop thinking about that hasty morning he had. The discussion he had with his mom in the car before leaving for school, and the insult that left him feeling like he was trapped in a cage: weird.
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Years of experience: 4. Registered at ProZ.com: May 2023.
Spanish to English (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, verified) Portuguese to English (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, verified)
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Bio
I am a recent graduate from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign University in the Translation Studies and Interpretation Program. I also attended UC Santa Barbara where I received a BA in Economics and Spanish and a minor in Portuguese. Over the past two years, I have taken coursework where I have done numerous translations in Spanish and Portuguese that have included professional and literary pieces. I have also taken a subtitling course as well as a course on localization. I subtitled one film in Spanish. I am familiar with a wide array of CAT tools including subtitling software from the different translation projects I worked on over my two years in graduate school. I am interested in any type of professional or literary translation as I have experience in both those fields. I also have experience in subtitling and would like to do work in the localization industry.
You can reach me at my email [email protected] or my cell 707-580-2123.
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